Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34433876›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2021

The origin of mechanical harmonic distortion within the organ of Corti in living gerbil cochleae.

Wenxuan He, Tianying Ren

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Sound-evoked tonic motility of cochlear outer hair cells in mice with stereociliary defects.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The Long Outer-Hair-Cell RC Time Constant: A Feature, Not a Bug, of the Mammalian Cochlea.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Wenxuan HeOregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2008-3558
Tianying RenOregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. rent@ohsu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2533-7203

Funding

Experimental study of the cochlear amplifierR01DC004554 · NIDCD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI REN, TIANYING · 2001 to 2021
$7.7M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC004554
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although auditory harmonic distortion has been demonstrated psychophysically in humans and electrophysiologically in experimental animals, the cellular origin of the mechanical harmonic distortion remains unclear. To demonstrate the outer hair cell-generated harmonics within the organ of Corti, we measured sub-nanometer vibrations of the reticular lamina from the apical ends of the outer hair cells in living gerbil cochleae using a custom-built heterodyne low-coherence interferometer. The harmonics in the reticular lamina vibration are significantly larger and have broader spectra and shorter latencies than those in the basilar membrane vibration. The latency of the second harmonic is significantly greater than that of the fundamental at low stimulus frequencies. These data indicate that the mechanical harmonics are generated by the outer hair cells over a broad cochlear region and propagate from the generation sites to their own best-frequency locations.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaCochleaGerbillinaeHair Cells, Auditory, OuterInterferometryOrgan of CortiVibration

Identifiers

PMID34433876
PMCPMC8387486

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.