Observational studyNeurology2021
Associations of the Lifestyle for Brain Health Index With Structural Brain Changes and Cognition: Results From the Maastricht Study.
Observational study in Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Umbrella review and Delphi study on modifiable factors for dementia risk reduction.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Pooled it
- Multi-domain prognostic models used in middle-aged adults without known cognitive impairment for predicting subsequent dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Lifestyle for Brain health (LIBRA) score, cognition, brain volume, and dementia risk in the UK Biobank.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Co-Designing a Digital Brain Health Intervention for Chinese Older Adults: A User-Centred Approach.Australasian journal on ageing · 2026Article
- Associations of the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index with cognitive functioning across adulthood: Variation by sex and socioeconomic status in the German National Cohort (NAKO).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The impact of socioeconomic status and lifestyle on cognitive aging and brain health: results from the LIFE-Adult-Study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- The role of modifiable risk factors on the cerebral myelin content and cognition: findings from The Maastricht Study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Evaluating MRI correlates of lifestyle-based dementia risk reduction: Results from the AgeWell.de imaging study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- The enigma of vascular dementia: current state and emerging perspectives.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- The Lifestyle Intervention in memory clinics of General and academic Hospitals Trial (LIGHT): Rationale and study design of a randomized controlled trial to reduce modifiable dementia risk.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Gender differences in gray matter volume of the anterior cingulate cortex and suicidal ideation in patients with major depressive disorder: evidence from the REST-meta-MDD project.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The LIBRA index of modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and dementia in a late-life population-based cohort study.AJE advances : research in epidemiology · 2025Article
- Intention to use and perceived satisfaction with a digital tool for dementia prevention among the Dutch general public: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Lifestyle, genetic risk, plasma pTau217, and incident cognitive impairment in WRAP.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Modifiable risk factor profiles moderate the effect of β-amyloid pathology on cognition in aging.Neurobiology of aging · 2025Article
- Neurophysiological correlates of modifiable dementia risk factors in cognitively unimpaired older adults.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Association Between Lifestyle at Different Life Periods and Brain Integrity in Older Adults.Neurology · 2025Observational
- Acceptability and fidelity of the multidomain 'Brain Bootcamp' dementia risk reduction program: a mixed-methods approach.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association of sarcopenia with regional brain atrophy and white matter lesions in a general older population: the Hisayama Study.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of a free e-learning program on dementia risk reduction for the general public: A pre-post study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesObservational research has shown that a substantial proportion of all dementia cases worldwide are attributable to modifiable risk factors. Dementia risk scores might be useful to identify high-risk individuals and monitor treatment adherence. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a dementia risk score, the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index, is associated with MRI markers and cognitive functioning/impairment in the general population.
methodsCross-sectional data were used from the observational population-based cohort of The Maastricht Study. The weighted compound score of LIBRA (including 12 dementia risk and protective factors, e.g., hypertension, physical inactivity) was calculated, with higher scores indicating higher dementia risk. Standardized volumes of white matter, gray matter, and CSF (as proxy for general brain atrophy), white matter hyperintensities, and presence of cerebral small vessel disease were derived from 3T MRI. Cognitive functioning was tested in 3 domains: memory, information processing speed, and executive function and attention. Values ≤1.5 SDs below the average were defined as cognitive impairment. Multiple regression analyses and structural equation modeling were used, adjusted for age, sex, education, intracranial volume, and type 2 diabetes.
resultsParticipants (n = 4,164; mean age 59 years; 49.7% men) with higher LIBRA scores (mean 1.19, range -2.7 to 9.2), denoting higher dementia risk, had higher volumes of white matter hyperintensities (β = 0.051, DISCUSSION: Higher health- and lifestyle-based dementia risk is associated with markers of general brain atrophy, cerebrovascular pathology, and worse cognition, suggesting that LIBRA meaningfully summarizes individual lifestyle-related brain health. Improving LIBRA factors on an individual level might improve population brain health. Sex differences in lifestyle-related pathology and cognition need to be further explored. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that higher LIBRA scores are significantly associated with lower scores in some cognitive domains and a higher risk of cognitive impairment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.