Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34433632›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2021

Asymmetric Frequency-Specific Feedforward and Feedback Information Flow between Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex during Verbal Memory Encoding and Recall.

Anup Das, Vinod Menon

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Quantum-inspired entanglement between collaborating brains during human memory encoding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  6. EEG Correlates of Active Removal from Working Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Anup DasDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences a1das@stanford.edu menon@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8897-7021
Vinod MenonDepartment of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences a1das@stanford.edu menon@stanford.edu.
Institute of Behavioral Sciences · JPNeurosciences Institute · US

Funding

Methods for Dynamic Causal Interactions in Human Brain Function and DysfunctionR01NS086085 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MENON, VINOD · 2014 to 2025
$3.9M
Computational modeling of dynamic causal brain circuits underlying cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's diseaseRF1NS086085 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MENON, VINOD · 2021 to 2021
$2.0M
Novel Bayesian linear dynamical systems-based methods for discovering human brain circuit dynamics in health and diseaseR01EB022907 · NIBIB · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MENON, VINOD · 2016 to 2018
$1.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB022907NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS086085NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS086085
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuits are thought to play a prominent role in human episodic memory, but the precise nature, and electrophysiological basis, of directed information flow between these regions and their role in verbal memory formation has remained elusive. Here we investigate nonlinear causal interactions between hippocampus and lateral PFC using intracranial EEG recordings (26 participants, 16 females) during verbal memory encoding and recall tasks. Direction-specific information theoretic analysis revealed higher causal information flow from the hippocampus to PFC than in the reverse direction. Crucially, this pattern was observed during both memory encoding and recall, and the strength of causal interactions was significantly greater during memory task performance than resting baseline. Further analyses revealed frequency specificity of interactions with greater causal information flow from hippocampus to the PFC in the delta-theta frequency band (0.5-8 Hz); in contrast, PFC to hippocampus causal information flow were stronger in the beta band (12-30 Hz). Across all hippocampus-PFC electrode pairs, propagation delay between the source and target signals was estimated to be 17.7 ms, which is physiologically meaningful and corresponds to directional signal interactions on a timescale consistent with monosynaptic influence. Our findings identify distinct asymmetric feedforward and feedback signaling mechanisms between the hippocampus and PFC and their dissociable roles in memory recall, demonstrate that these regions preferentially use different frequency channels, and provide novel insights into the electrophysiological basis of directed information flow during episodic memory formation in the human brain.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultBiofeedback, PsychologyDrug Resistant EpilepsyElectroencephalographyFemaleHippocampusHumansMaleMental RecallMiddle AgedPrefrontal CortexVerbal LearningYoung Adulthippocampushuman iEEGinformation flowphase transfer entropy and causal dynamicsprefrontal cortexverbal memory encoding and recall

Identifiers

PMID34433632
PMCPMC8496199
OpenAlexW3195000643

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.