ArticleBMJ open2021
Exploring dementia family carers' self-initiated strategies in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia: a qualitative study.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Telephone Interventions for the Management of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in the Community: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Experiences and coping strategies of family caregivers caring for people with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: a systematic review of qualitative studies.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Family carers and the provision of person-centred dementia care for activities of daily living.Dementia (London, England) · 2026Article
- Embracing positivity in dementia caregiving: Links between behavioral symptoms and caregiver well-being in Malaysia.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Perspectives and Experiences of Family Caregivers Using Supportive Mobile Apps in Dementia Care: Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Article
- Expressed emotion mediates the association between caregiver relationship closeness and psychological symptoms in people with dementia.Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society · 2025Article
- Article
- BPSD reconsidered: diagnostic considerations to preserve personhood in persons with dementia.Frontiers in dementia · 2023Review
- Understanding Family Caregivers' Experiences With Live-in Migrant Care Workers in Dementia Care: Challenges and Perspectives From a Qualitative Study in Taiwan.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesCarer's self-initiated management strategies of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can inform intervention development. These strategies are affected by cultural values. Little is known about non-Western dementia carers' BPSD management strategies. This study aimed to explore self-initiated strategies in managing BPSD adopted by Chinese carers.
designQualitative study using thematic framework method.
settingCommunity setting in Hong Kong.
participants16 dementia carers with purposive sampling to include carers of different relationships to the people living with dementia (PLwD), education level and living arrangement.
resultsSix overarching themes emerged from the data: (1) maintaining personhood in PLwD, (2) responding positively to BPSD, (3) explanation and bargaining, (4) responding negatively to BPSD, (5) controlling upsetting thoughts, and (6) getting respite care. Chinese carers treasured warm and supportive family relationships. They identified and minimised triggers to alleviate BPSD. Some carers struggled with care tasks and reacted with confrontation and avoidance. Changing attitudes and getting social and emotional support were described to manage carers' distress. Few self-care strategies including getting respite care were reported.
conclusionsCarers' self-initiated strategies largely aligned with existing theoretical frameworks in BPSD management, such as person-centred approach, and echoed Asian culture, which advocates filial piety and supportive family relationships. While these cultural values encourage the engagement of people living with dementia in the normal process of family life, they may also prevent carers from taking time away from care. Interventions could support carers by enhancing their knowledge and skills in managing BPSD, providing social and emotional support, and providing guidance in self-care. Future cross-cultural research could explore factors contributing to how carers manage BPSD and how interventions could be culturally adapted to facilitate carers to apply learnt skills in daily practice and hence benefit the people living with dementia and carer population.
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