ArticleBMC veterinary research2021
Prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania spp. infections in apparently healthy dogs in west Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Seroprevalence Rates of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Dogs in the Pantanal Region of Mato Grosso, Brazil.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Co-infections and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Ghana: A facility-based cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence of common conditions and associated mortalities of dogs treated at the small animal clinic, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Article
- One Health Approach to Toxoplasmosis: Owner and Dog Seropositivity as Spatial Indicators of Risk Areas for Acquired, Gestational and Congenital Transmission.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices towards canine visceral leishmaniasis based on the one health concept in Weliso and Ejaji Towns, Oromia, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Screening of Toxoplasmosis in Owned and Stray Dogs of District Faisalabad, Pakistan through Latex Agglutination and Indirect ELISA.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- High seroprevalence of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs and its associated risk factors in selected towns of Southwest and West Shewa zones of Oromia, Ethiopia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- Seroepidemiology ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn urban settings, the presence of a high density of the human population and contact with domestic and/or stray animals such as dogs and cats can be risk factors for the transmission of zoonotic protozoa parasites. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Leishmania spp. are zoonotic protozoon parasites with significant health burdens worldwide.
methodsA cross-sectional study was used to investigate the antibody prevalence and risk factors of T. gondii and Leishmania spp. infections in 385 randomly selected dogs of Ambo, Bako, and Gojo towns of West Shewa Zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A questionnaire survey was administered to households to collect data on potential risk factors. Dog sera samples were assayed for T. gondii IgG antibodies using the direct agglutination test while Leishmania spp. specific antibodies tested using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression was used for data analysis.
resultsOverall, T. gondii and Leishmania spp. infection seroprevalence was found to be 82.86% (95% confidence interval (CI): 78.71-86.49%) and 92.47% (95% CI: 89.36-94.90%), respectively. Seropositivity for both T. gondii and Leishmania spp. was found in 82.58% of the dogs. None of the investigated factors were associated with Leishmania spp. seropositivity (p > 0.05). The seroprevalence of T. gondii was significantly different among the study towns (p = 0.003). The risk of T. gondii infection was 2.71 times higher in adult dogs than juvenile dogs (p = 0.043). Dogs kept simultaneously with other domestic animals had increased odds of T. gondii seropositivity compared to those with no other domestic animals (Adjusted Odds ratio: 1.96, p = 0.021). However, altitude, sex, breed, housing, feeding, educational level of head of the household, and dog's living area were not significantly associated with T. gondii seropositivity (p > 0.05).
conclusionsThe high seropositivity and the simultaneous presence of antibodies of T. gondii and Leishmania spp. in dogs suggest the widespread nature of these parasites in the environment and the high potential of transmission to other animals and humans. Further epidemiological studies, isolation and molecular characterization of the parasites, and educational campaigns are suggested.
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