Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34433099›Full record

Observational studyNeuroscience letters2021

The temporal pattern and the probability distribution of visual cueing can alter the structure of stride-to-stride variability.

Peter C Raffalt, Nick Stergiou, Joel H Sommerfeld, Aaron D Likens

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Neuroscience letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Subtle to significant: Enhancing heaviness perception with stochastic resonance.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance · 2026
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  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Peter C RaffaltDepartment of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Sognsveien 220, 0806 Oslo, Norway; Department of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive, Omaha, NE 68182-0860, USA.
Nick StergiouDepartment of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive, Omaha, NE 68182-0860, USA; College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4355, USA.
Joel H SommerfeldDepartment of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive, Omaha, NE 68182-0860, USA.
Aaron D LikensDepartment of Biomechanics and Center for Research in Human Movement Variability, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6160 University Drive, Omaha, NE 68182-0860, USA. Electronic address: alikens@unomaha.edu.

Funding

Visual control of locomotion in people with Parkinsons diseaseP20GM109090 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA · PI STERGIOU, NIKOLAOS · 2014 to 2023
$20.5M
The influence of 3D printed prostheses on neural activation patterns of the primary motor cortex in children with unilateral congenital upper-limb reductionsR01NS114282 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA · PI KNARR, BRIAN ANDREW, ZUNIGA, JORGE M · 2020 to 2023
$1.5M
MECHANISMS OF FALL RESISTANCE TO DIVERSE SLIPPING CONDITIONSR15AG063106 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA OMAHA · PI HUNT, NATHANIEL H · 2019 to 2019
$420k
NIA NIH HHS R15 AG063106NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM109090NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS114282
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The structure of the stride-to-stride time intervals during paced walking can be altered by the temporal pattern of the pacing cues, however, it is unknown if an altered probability distribution of these cues could also affect stride-to-stride time intervals. We investigated the effect of the temporal pattern and probability distribution of visual pacing cues on the temporal structure of the variability of the stride-to-stride time intervals during walking. Participants completed self-paced walking (SPW) and walking paced by visual cueing that had a temporal pattern of either pink noise presented with a normal distribution (PNND), shuffled pink noise presented with a normal distribution (SPNND), white noise presented with a normal distribution (WNND), and white noise presented with a uniform distribution (WNUD). The temporal structure of the stride-to-stride time intervals was quantified using the scaling exponent calculated from Detrended Fluctuation Analysis. The scaling exponent was higher during the SPW and PNND trials than during the SPNND, WNND and WNUD trials and it was lower during the WNUD trial compared to the SPNND trial. The results revealed that both the temporal pattern and the probability distribution of the visual pacing cues can affect the scaling exponent of the variability of the stride-to-stride time intervals. This information is fundamental in understanding how visual input is involved in the control of gait.

Indexed as

CuesModels, NeurologicalAdultFeedback, SensoryFemaleFractalsHealthy VolunteersHumansMalePhotic StimulationProbabilityTime PerceptionVisual PerceptionWalking SpeedYoung AdultColor noiseFractal structureGaitPaced walkingVariable metronomesVisual cues

Identifiers

PMID34433099
PMCPMC10150373

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.