ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2021
Alveolar macrophages rely on GM-CSF from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells before and after birth.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alveolar Macrophages: Development, Respiratory Homeostasis, Signal Pathways, Diseases, and Therapeutic Opportunities.MedComm · 2026Review
- Multifocal ground-glass opacities in lung cancer: a narrative review of genomic evolution, immune ecology, and biology-informed clinical management.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- GM-CSF signaling on monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells is required for effective pulmonary immunity tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tissue-Resident Macrophages: Linking Physiology and Inflammation in Infection.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Narrative Review on Therapies That Influence Inflammatory Responses During Extremely Premature Perinatal Respiratory Transition.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Review
- Article
- A signal-responsive cooperative transcription factor network determines alveolar macrophage identity.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Group 2 innate lymphoid cells program pulmonary adaptive immunity via granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Defective alveolar regeneration in emphysema: identifying dysfunctional cellular crosstalk and novel therapeutic opportunities for tissue repair.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Alveolar macrophages undergo postnatal transition from a hyperphagocytic and proinflammatory profile to a tolerogenic profile.iScience · 2026Article
- Type I interferon primes the alveolar epithelium to receive reparative signals from tissue-resident macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The metabolic plasticity of cancer stem cells: bidirectional crosstalk with organ-resident cells.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Alveolar macrophage-neutrophil crosstalk in acute lung injury: mechanisms, feedback loops, and therapeutic opportunities.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Macrophages orchestrate antiviral defense and epithelial repair in a human iPSC-derived alveolar air-liquid interface.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Sensing of metabolic signals via GPR183 promotes occupation of lung macrophage niches by monocytes.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Single-cell analysis of recruited ILC2 cell fate during transition from circulation to establishment of tissue residency.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Recent perspectives on macrophage memory: types, mechanisms, and characteristics in pulmonary diseases.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Lineage tracing reveals the origins and dynamics of macrophages in lung injury and repair.Cell discovery · 2026Article
- Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells Promote Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression in Alveolar Macrophages via Exosomal lncRNA Rmrp Release.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Monocyte-Derived LGMNResearch (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Programs defining tissue-resident macrophage identity depend on local environmental cues. For alveolar macrophages (AMs), these signals are provided by immune and nonimmune cells and include GM-CSF (CSF2). However, evidence to functionally link components of this intercellular cross talk remains scarce. We thus developed new transgenic mice to profile pulmonary GM-CSF expression, which we detected in both immune cells, including group 2 innate lymphoid cells and γδ T cells, as well as AT2s. AMs were unaffected by constitutive deletion of hematopoietic Csf2 and basophil depletion. Instead, AT2 lineage-specific constitutive and inducible Csf2 deletion revealed the nonredundant function of AT2-derived GM-CSF in instructing AM fate, establishing the postnatal AM compartment, and maintaining AMs in adult lungs. This AT2-AM relationship begins during embryogenesis, where nascent AT2s timely induce GM-CSF expression to support the proliferation and differentiation of fetal monocytes contemporaneously seeding the tissue, and persists into adulthood, when epithelial GM-CSF remains restricted to AT2s.
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