Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34431670›Full record

ArticleJournal of medicinal chemistry2021

Strategies toward Discovery of Potent and Orally Bioavailable Proteolysis Targeting Chimera Degraders of Androgen Receptor for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

Xin Han, Lijie Zhao, Weiguo Xiang, Chong Qin, Bukeyan Miao, Donna McEachern, Yu Wang, Hoda Metwally, Lu Wang, Aleksas Matvekas and 3 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Evolving CRBN ligands enhance the drug-like properties of protein degraders.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. PROTACs therapeutically target the polyglutamine androgen receptor in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy models.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
    Article
  9. Targeting the mutant androgen receptor with PROTACs in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Androgen Signaling in Prostate Cancer: When a Friend Turns Foe.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Discovery of LLC0424 as a Potent and SelectiveJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xin HanThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0904-220X
Lijie ZhaoThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Weiguo XiangThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Chong QinThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Bukeyan MiaoThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Donna McEachernThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Yu WangThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Hoda MetwallyThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Lu WangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Aleksas MatvekasDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Bo WenDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Duxin SunDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6406-2126
Shaomeng WangThe Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8782-6950
University of Michigan · US

Funding

XenograftP30CA046592 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Alexey I Nesvizhskii · 1988 to 2026
$178.2M
Tissue/InformaticsP50CA186786 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Ganesh S Palapattu · 2014 to 2026
$27.6M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA046592NCI NIH HHS P50 CA186786
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) small-molecule degraders have emerged as a promising new type of therapeutic agents, but the design of PROTAC degraders with excellent oral pharmacokinetics is a major challenge. In this study, we present our strategies toward the discovery of highly potent PROTAC degraders of androgen receptor (AR) with excellent oral pharmacokinetics. Employing thalidomide to recruit cereblon/cullin 4A E3 ligase and through the rigidification of the linker, we discovered highly potent AR degraders with good oral pharmacokinetic properties in mice with ARD-2128 being the best compound. ARD-2128 achieves 67% oral bioavailability in mice, effectively reduces AR protein and suppresses AR-regulated genes in tumor tissues with oral administration, leading to the effective inhibition of tumor growth in mice without signs of toxicity. This study supports the development of an orally active PROTAC AR degrader for the treatment of prostate cancer and provides insights and guidance into the design of orally active PROTAC degraders.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAdministration, OralAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsArea Under CurveBiological AvailabilityDrug DiscoveryHalf-LifeHumansInjections, IntravenousMaleMiceMicrosomes, LiverMolecular StructureProstatic NeoplasmsAndrogen Receptor AntagonistsAntineoplastic AgentsReceptors, Androgen

Identifiers

PMID34431670
PMCPMC8880306
OpenAlexW3195255962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.