Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34431477›Full record

ArticleeLife2021

The roles of history, chance, and natural selection in the evolution of antibiotic resistance.

Alfonso Santos-Lopez, Christopher W Marshall, Allison L Haas, Caroline Turner, Javier Rasero, Vaughn S Cooper

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Evolution under vancomycin selection drives divergent collateral sensitivity patterns inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  15. Plant protection, the Cinderella of the one health strategy?One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alfonso Santos-Lopez *Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9163-9947
Christopher W Marshall *Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6669-3231
Allison L HaasDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2154-4328
Caroline TurnerDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1347-518X
Javier RaseroDepartment of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1661-2856
Vaughn S CooperDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7726-0765
University of Pittsburgh · USCarnegie Mellon University · US

Funding

Predicting the emergence of antibiotic resistance through multi-omics approaches and Immune System-surveillanU01AI124302 · NIAID · BOSTON COLLEGE · PI BENTO, JOSE, COOPER, VAUGHN · 2016 to 2020
$10.2M
NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI124302
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

History, chance, and selection are the fundamental factors that drive and constrain evolution. We designed evolution experiments to disentangle and quantify effects of these forces on the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Previously, we showed that selection of the pathogen

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionDrug Resistance, BacterialAcinetobacter baumanniiAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsCiprofloxacinEnvironmental ExposureHumansMutationSelection, GeneticAnti-Bacterial AgentsCiprofloxacinacinetobactercollateral sensitivityeffluxevolutionary biologygenomicsinfectious diseasemicrobiologynonepopulation genetics

Identifiers

PMID34431477
PMCPMC8412936
OpenAlexW3194186886

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.