ArticlePublic health nutrition2021
Developing neck circumference growth reference charts for Pakistani children and adolescents using the lambda-mu-sigma and quantile regression method.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Assessing Disparities about Overweight and Obesity in Pakistani Youth Using Local and International Standards for Body Mass Index.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Height-for-age and weight-for-age growth charts for Pakistani infants under six months: derived from a novel case selection method using multiple indicator cluster survey data.BMC medical research methodology · 2023Article
- Establishing Height-for-Age Z-Score Growth Reference Curves and Stunting Prevalence in Children and Adolescents in Pakistan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveNeck circumference (NC) is currently used as an embryonic marker of obesity and its associated risks. But its use in clinical evaluations and other epidemiological purposes requires sex and age-specific standardised cut-offs which are still scarce for the Pakistani paediatric population. We therefore developed sex and age-specific growth reference charts for NC for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2-18 years.
designCross-sectional multi-ethnic anthropometric survey (MEAS) study.
settingMultan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
participantsThe dataset of 10 668 healthy Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2-18 years collected in MEAS were used. Information related to age, sex and NC were taken as study variables. The lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) and quantile regression (QR) methods were applied to develop growth reference charts for NC.
resultsThe 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th smoothed percentile values of NC were presented. The centile values showed that neck size increased with age in both boys and girls. During 8 and 14 years of age, girls were found to have larger NC than boys. A comparison of NC median (50th) percentile values with references from Iranian and Turkish populations reveals substantially lower NC percentiles in Pakistani children and adolescents compared to their peers in the reference population.
conclusionThe comparative results suggest that the uses of NC references of developed countries are inadequate for Pakistani children. A small variability between empirical centiles and centiles obtained by QR procedure recommends that growth charts should be constructed by QR as an alternative method.
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