Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34431324›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2021

Evaluation of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cardiac Transplantation.

Fouad Chouairi, Michael Fuery, Katherine A Clark, Clancy W Mullan, James Stewart, Cesar Caraballo, John-Ross D Clarke, Sounok Sen, Avirup Guha, Nasrien E Ibrahim and 9 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
12.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Unequal Hearts: Racial Disparities Persist in Heart Transplant Outcomes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Observational
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Disparities in heart transplant survival and graft rejection outcomes persist in the modern era: a call to race towards a more equitable future.European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Fouad ChouairiSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0001-8715-6718
Michael FueryDepartment of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0001-9166-4838
Katherine A ClarkSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Clancy W MullanDivision of Cardiac Surgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
James StewartDivision of Cardiac Surgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Cesar CaraballoSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0002-4557-9437
John-Ross D ClarkeSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Sounok SenSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Avirup GuhaCase Western Reserve University Cleveland OH.ORCID 0000-0003-0253-1174
Nasrien E IbrahimDivision of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA.
Robert T ColeInova Heart and Vascular Institute Falls Church VA.
Louisa HoladayDepartment of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0002-9894-6501
Muhammed AnwerDivision of Cardiac Surgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Arnar GeirssonDivision of Cardiac Surgery Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0002-8943-9962
Joseph G RogersDivision of Cardiology Duke University Medical Center Durham NC.
Eric J VelazquezSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Nihar R DesaiSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
Tariq AhmadSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.
P Elliott MillerSection of Cardiovascular Medicine Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT.ORCID 0000-0002-0595-1492
Yale University · USAlaska Heart and Vascular Institute · USCase Western Reserve University · USDuke Medical Center · USMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
NRSA Training CoreTL1TR001864 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CANTLEY, LLOYD G, EDELMAN, E. JENNIFER · 2016 to 2025
$9.9M
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001864NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Racial and ethnic disparities contribute to differences in access and outcomes for patients undergoing heart transplantation. We evaluated contemporary outcomes for heart transplantation stratified by race and ethnicity as well as the new 2018 allocation system. Methods and Results Adult heart recipients from 2011 to 2020 were identified in the United Network for Organ Sharing database and stratified into 3 groups: Black, Hispanic, and White. We analyzed recipient and donor characteristics, and outcomes. Among 32 353 patients (25% Black, 9% Hispanic, 66% White), Black and Hispanic patients were younger, more likely to be women and have diabetes mellitus or renal disease (all,

Indexed as

EthnicityHealthcare DisparitiesHeart TransplantationAdultBlack or African AmericanBlack PeopleFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedTissue DonorsUnited StatesWhite Peopledisparitiesheart failureheart transplantationrace and ethnicity

Identifiers

PMID34431324
PMCPMC8649228
OpenAlexW3195499125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.