ArticleAmerican journal of preventive cardiology2021
Age and sex disparities in hypertension control: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA).
Article in American journal of preventive cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline and Blood Pressure in Older Adults.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Guideline
- Gender Differences in Cardiac Organ Damage in Arterial Hypertension: Assessing the Role of Drug Nonadherence.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2024Trial
- Older females with late-onset hypertension are at higher CKD risk than males.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Prehypertension and hypertension among older adults: prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and associated factors - findings from Iranian STEPS survey (2016 and 2021).Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Article
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Among Adults Aged 80 and Above: Findings From the Population-Based German Health Survey Gesundheit 65.International journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Height May Explain Sex Differences in Systolic Blood Pressure in Older Adults.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Blood Pressure Control and Maintenance in U.S. Veterans: Roles of Sex, Race, Ethnicity, and Deprivation.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Disparities in Initial Antihypertensive Intensity by Sex, Race and Ethnicity in Newly Treated Patients With Hypertension.American journal of hypertension · 2025Article
- Patterns of adherence to home blood pressure monitoring among men and women in the Electronic Framingham Heart Study.PloS one · 2025Article
- History of Pregnancy Loss and Risk for Higher Midlife Blood Pressure in Parous Females.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Hypertension and Its Management Throughout Life.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Article
- The Era of DAAs: Assessing the Patients' Characteristics, Clinical Impact, and Emergence of Comorbidities in HIV/HCV-Coinfected versus HIV-Infected Individuals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Sex-Related Disparities in Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Older Adults With Late-Onset Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Article
- Managing Hypertension in Older Adults.Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
- Age and sex disparities in blood pressure control and therapeutic inertia: Impact of a quality improvement program.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- Differences in the Incidence of Hypotension and Hypertension between Sexes during Non-Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Sex disparities in the risk of intracranial aneurysm rupture: a case-control study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Predictors of program interest in a digital health pilot study for heart health.PLOS digital health · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Temporal Trends and Risk Factors of Aortic Dissection in Taiwan.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDetermine sex differences in hypertension control by age group in a diverse cohort of adults age 45-84 years at baseline followed for an average of 12 years.
methodsThe Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis enrolled 3213 men and 3601 women from six communities in the U.S. during years 2000-2002 with follow-up exams completed approximately every two years. At each exam, resting blood pressure (BP) was measured in triplicate, and the last two values were averaged. Hypertension was defined as a BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medications. Hypertension control was defined as a BP < 140/90 mmHg and in separate analyses as < 130/90 mmHg. Generalized linear mixed effects models with a binomial function were used to calculate the odds of hypertension control by age group (45-64,75-74, 75+) at a given exam and by sex, while accounting for the intra-individual correlation, and adjustment for demographics, co-morbidities, smoking, alcohol use, education and site among participants with hypertension at any of the first five exams.
resultsAt baseline, mean age was 64.1 (9.1 [SD]) years, 48.0% were men, and race/ethnicity was Non-Hispanic white in 34.1%, 10.1% Chinese, 35.1% Non-Hispanic Black and 20.7% Hispanic. Average SBP was lower while average DBP was higher among men vs. women at each exam. Adjusted odds ratios of hypertension control defined as BP < 140/90 mmHg among men vs. women was 0.89 (95% CI 0.67, 1.19) for age 45-64 years, 1.37 (95% CI 1.04, 1.81) for age 65-74 years and 2.08 (95% CI 1.43, 3.02) for age 75+ years. When defined as < 130/80 mmHg, adjusted odds of hypertension control among men vs. women was 0.60 (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.46, 0.79) at age 45-64 years, 1.01 (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.77, 1.31) at age 65-74 years and 1.71 (95% CI 1.19, 2.45) at age 75+ years.
conclusionSex disparities in hypertension control increase with advancing age and are greatest among adults age 75+ years.
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Registered trials
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