ArticleHeart rhythm O22021
Detection of fibrotic remodeling of epicardial adipose tissue in patients with atrial fibrillation: Imaging approach based on histological observation.
Article in Heart rhythm O2, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Atrial Fibrillation Burden: Assessment, Clinical Significance, and Therapeutic Implications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Imaging and biomarker-based risk stratification in TAVI: the role of epicardial fat, visceral fat, and adiponectin.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Obesity promotes atrial fat deposition independent of myocardial infarction in Göttingen minipigs.Heart rhythm O2 · 2026Article
- 3D Bioprinted Fat-Myocardium Model Unravels the Role of Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Atrial Dysfunction.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Epicardial fat remodeling in end-stage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- CMR-quantified epicardial adipose tissue heterogeneity and its predictive value for ventricular and atrial arrhythmias after myocardial infarction.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Macrophage Immunometabolism in Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Obesity-Related Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and metabolic comorbidities have an altered inflammatory state of atrial epicardial adipose tissue, which is linked to CT-attenuation.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Atrial Cardiomyopathy in Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanistic Pathways and Emerging Treatment Concepts.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The change of epicardial adipose tissue characteristics and vulnerability for atrial fibrillation upon drastic weight loss.Adipocyte · 2024Article
- Atrial fibrillation substrate and impaired left atrial function: a cardiac MRI study.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Epicardial fat density obtained with computed tomography imaging - more important than volume?Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Review
- Tissue-resident memory T cells in epicardial adipose tissue comprise transcriptionally distinct subsets that are modulated in atrial fibrillation.Nature cardiovascular research · 2024Article
- Atrial cardiomyopathy revisited-evolution of a concept: a clinical consensus statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asian Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Article
- Influence of epicardial adipose tissue inflammation and adipocyte size on postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients after cardiovascular surgery.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Challenges and opportunities in obesity: the role of adipocytes during tissue fibrosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Association between interatrial septum adiposity and atrial fibrillation: transesophageal echocardiography imaging and autopsy study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Role of epicardial adipose tissue in human atrial fibrillation.Journal of arrhythmia · 2023 · on this mapReview
- Computed tomography measured epicardial adipose tissue and psoas muscle attenuation: new biomarkers to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and mortality in patients with heart disease and critically ill patients. Part I: Epicardial adipose tissue.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFibrotic remodeling of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is crucial for proinflammatory atrial myocardial fibrosis, which leads to atrial fibrillation (AF).
objectivesWe tested the hypothesis that the ratio of central to marginal adipocyte diameter in EAT represents its fibrotic remodeling. Based on a similar concept, we also tested whether the percent (%) change in EAT fat attenuation determined using computed tomographic (CT) images can detect this remodeling.
methodsLeft atrial appendages were obtained from 76 consecutive AF patients during cardiovascular surgery. EAT in the central area (central EAT: C-EAT) and that adjacent to the atrial myocardium (Marginal EAT: M-EAT) were evaluated histologically. CT images for all of the 76 patients were also analyzed.
resultsThe adipocyte diameter was smaller, fibrotic remodeling of EAT (EAT fibrosis) was more severe, and infiltration of macrophages and myofibroblasts was more extensive in M-EAT than in C-EAT. EAT fibrosis was positively correlated with adipocyte diameter in C-EAT and negatively correlated in M-EAT, resulting in a positive correlation between EAT fibrosis and the ratio of central to marginal adipocyte diameter (C/M diameter ratio; r = 0.73,
conclusionOur results suggest that the central-to-marginal adipocyte diameter ratio is tightly associated with fibrotic remodeling of EAT. In addition, the %change in EAT fat attenuation determined using CT imaging can detect remodeling noninvasively.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.