Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34429901›Full record

ArticleEcology and evolution2021

Carotenoids-based reddish pelvic spines in nonreproducing female and male sticklebacks (

Karl Kristian Kroken, Axel Aas Sæthre, Ove Nicolaisen, Torvald Blikra Egeland, Jarle Tryti Nordeide

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ecology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Karl Kristian KrokenFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø Norway.
Axel Aas SæthreFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø Norway.
Ove NicolaisenFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø Norway.
Torvald Blikra EgelandFaculty of Education and Arts Nord University Bodø Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-1678
Jarle Tryti NordeideFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University Bodø Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2315-3635

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conspicuous ornaments are often considered a result of evolution by sexual selection. According to the social selection hypothesis, such conspicuous traits may also evolve as badges of status associated with increased boldness or aggression toward conspecifics in conflicts about ecological resources. This study tested predictions from the social selection hypothesis to explain evolution of conspicuous red color of the pelvic spines of the three-spine stickleback (

Indexed as

carotenoidsdominanceGasterosterus aculeatusornamentpelvic spinesignal

Identifiers

PMID34429901
PMCPMC8366892

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.