ArticleOncology letters2021
Metformin mitigates PLCε gene expression and modulates the Notch1/Hes and androgen receptor signaling pathways in castration-resistant prostate cancer xenograft models.
Article in Oncology letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anti-cancer effects of metformin in a 3D co-culture model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.American journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- Metformin and Cancer Hallmarks: Molecular Mechanisms in Thyroid, Prostate and Head and Neck Cancer Models.Biomolecules · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2025-05-12Author Unresponsive · Euphemisms for Plagiarism · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Plagiarism of Data · Plagiarism of Image · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/FBC4A4E1379EE7974B7908E8C138E6
- Retracted
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study aimed to establish a mouse model of patient-derived castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) xenograft tumors, and to evaluate the effects of various doses of metformin on phospholipase Cε (PLCε) expression and the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1)/hairy and enhancer of split 1 and androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways via western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Additionally, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was used to activate PLC, and Jagged1 was used as a Notch activator to verify whether metformin could suppress CRPC development via the PLCε/Notch1/AR pathways. The results confirmed that metformin may serve critical roles in CRPC by significantly inhibiting the occurrence, growth and proliferation of CRPC tumors by decreasing PLCε/Notch1 expression and AR nucleation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.