ArticleImmunoHorizons2021
Mechanism of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of TLR4-Interacting SPA4 Peptide.
Article in ImmunoHorizons, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative in vitro and in silico evaluation of HSP60-derived peptides as immunomodulators of the TLR4/MD-2 complex.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ultra-short cyclic peptide CyZoological research · 2025Article
- The silent saboteur: oxidative stress and the path to cognitive dysfunction.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2025Review
- Effect of Synthetic Peptides Identified in the Bullfrog Skin on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Control: An In Vitro Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum and histone proteins in immunomodulation by TLR4-interacting SPA4 peptide againstInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Stability and structure-activity relationship of the SPA4 peptide under ambient and stressed conditions of lung injury.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Effects of SPA4 peptide on lipopolysaccharide-disrupted lung epithelial barrier, injury, and function in a human cell system and mouse model of lung injury.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial peptides could antagonize uncontrolled inflammationFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The TLR4-interacting SPA4 peptide suppresses inflammation. We assessed the structural and physicochemical properties and binding of SPA4 peptide to TLR4-MD2. We also studied the changes at the whole transcriptome level, cell morphology, viability, secreted cytokines and chemokines, and cell influx in cell systems and mouse models challenged with LPS and treated with SPA4 peptide. Our results demonstrated that the SPA4 peptide did not alter the cell viability and size and only moderately affected the transcriptome of the cells. Computational docking and rendering suggested that the SPA4 peptide intercalates with LPS-induced TLR4-MD2 complex. Results with alanine mutations of D-2 amino acid and NYTXXXRG-12-19 motif of SPA4 peptide suggested their role in binding to TLR4 and in reducing the cytokine response against LPS stimulus. Furthermore, therapeutically administered SPA4 peptide significantly suppressed the secreted levels of cytokines and chemokines in cells and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of LPS-challenged mice. The results suggest that the SPA4 peptide intercalates with LPS-induced TLR4 complex and signaling for the suppression of inflammation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.