ArticlePorcine health management2021
Experimental infectious challenge in pigs leads to elevated fecal calprotectin levels following colitis, but not enteritis.
Article in Porcine health management, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of faecal calprotectin in neonatal calf diarrhoea using a human ELISA kit: Associations with faecal score and serum biochemical markers.Veterinary record open · 2026Article
- Using Gut Microbiota and Gut Metabolites as Biomarkers for Diseases in Monogastric Farm Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Evaluating fecal inflammation biomarkers for non-invasive detection of weaning-related intestinal inflammation in piglets.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Dose-dependent benefits of dietary yeast cell wall supplementation on the growth performance and stress resilience of the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax).Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Changes in saliva and serum analytes in domestic pigs and wild boar experimentally infected with African swine fever virus.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Efficacy of 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid (DNBS) in the Maintenance of a Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pigs (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The impact of wild-boar-derived microbiota transplantation on piglet microbiota, metabolite profile, and gut proinflammatory cytokine production differs from sow-derived microbiota.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- New insights into swine dysentery: faecal shedding, macro and microscopic lesions and biomarkers in early and acute stages of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infection.Porcine health management · 2024Article
- Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: category and evaluation indexes.Gastroenterology report · 2024Review
- Changes in S100A8/A9 and S100A12 and Their Comparison with Other Analytes in the Saliva of Pigs with Diarrhea Due toAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Changes in salivary biomarkers of stress, inflammation, redox status, and muscle damage due to Streptococcus suis infection in pigs.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- S-100 Proteins: Basics and Applications as Biomarkers in Animals with Special Focus on Calgranulins (S100A8, A9, and A12).Biology · 2023Review
- Measurement of Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) in the Saliva of Pigs: Validation Data of A Commercially Available Automated Assay and Changes in Sepsis, Inflammation, and Stress.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Morphological Assessment and Biomarkers of Low-Grade, Chronic Intestinal Inflammation in Production Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Effect of chronic and acute enterotoxigenic E. coli challenge on growth performance, intestinal inflammation, microbiome, and metabolome of weaned piglets.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFecal calprotectin is largely applied as a non-invasive intestinal inflammation biomarker in human medicine. Previous studies in pigs investigated the levels of fecal calprotectin in healthy animals only. Thus, there is a knowledge gap regarding its application during infectious diarrhea. This study investigated the usefulness of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker of intestinal inflammation in Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Salmonella Typhimurium infected pigs.
resultsFecal samples from pigs with colitis (n = 18) were collected from animals experimentally inoculated with B. hyodysenteriae (n = 8) or from sham-inoculated controls (n = 3). Fecal samples from pigs with enteritis (n = 14) were collected from animals inoculated with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (n = 8) or from sham-inoculated controls (n = 4). For both groups, fecal samples were scored as: 0 = normal; 1 = soft, wet cement; 2 = watery feces; 3 = mucoid diarrhea; and 4 = bloody diarrhea. Fecal calprotectin levels were assayed using a sandwich ELISA, a turbidimetric immunoassay and a point-of-care dipstick test. Fecal calprotectin levels were greater in colitis samples scoring 4 versus ≤ 4 using ELISA, and in feces scoring 3 and 4 versus ≤ 1 using immunoturbidimetry (P < 0.05). No differences were found in calprotectin concentration among fecal scores for enteritis samples, regardless of the assay used. All samples were found below detection limits using the dipstick method.
conclusionsFecal calprotectin levels are increased following the development of colitis, but do not significantly change due to enteritis. While practical, the use of commercially available human kits present sensitivity limitations. Further studies are needed to validate the field application of calprotectin as a marker of intestinal inflammation.
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