Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34429148›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2021

Acute depletion of CTCF rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility.

Beisi Xu, Hong Wang, Shaela Wright, Judith Hyle, Yang Zhang, Ying Shao, Mingming Niu, Yiping Fan, Wojciech Rosikiewicz, Mohamed Nadhir Djekidel and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. CTCF regulates global chromatin accessibility and transcription during rod photoreceptor development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Beisi Xu *Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. Beisi.Xu@stjude.org.
Hong Wang *Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Shaela WrightTumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Judith HyleTumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Yang ZhangTumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Ying ShaoComputational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Mingming NiuDepartments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Yiping FanCenter for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Wojciech RosikiewiczCenter for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Mohamed Nadhir DjekidelCenter for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Junmin PengCenter for Proteomics and Metabolomics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
Rui LuDivision of Hematology/Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1824 6th Ave S WTI 510G, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
Chunliang LiTumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA. Chunliang.Li@stjude.org.ORCID 0000-0002-5938-5510
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

Viral Vector Technology (VVTSR)P30CA021765 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI CHARLES ROBERTS · 1985 to 2026
$166.9M
Multi-level Integrative Proteomics to Alzheimer's Disease PathwaysR01AG053987 · NIA · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI PENG, JUNMIN · 2016 to 2020
$2.2M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA021765NIA NIH HHS R01 AG053987
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe transcription factor CTCF appears indispensable in defining topologically associated domain boundaries and maintaining chromatin loop structures within these domains, supported by numerous functional studies. However, acute depletion of CTCF globally reduces chromatin interactions but does not significantly alter transcription.

resultsHere, we systematically integrate multi-omics data including ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, WGBS, Hi-C, Cut&Run, and CRISPR-Cas9 survival dropout screens, and time-solved deep proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses in cells carrying auxin-induced degron at endogenous CTCF locus. Acute CTCF protein degradation markedly rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility. Increased accessible chromatin regions are frequently located adjacent to CTCF-binding sites at promoter regions and insulator sites associated with enhanced transcription of nearby genes. In addition, we use CTCF-associated multi-omics data to establish a combinatorial data analysis pipeline to discover CTCF co-regulatory partners. We successfully identify 40 candidates, including multiple established partners. Interestingly, many CTCF co-regulators that have alterations of their respective downstream gene expression do not show changes of their own expression levels across the multi-omics measurements upon acute CTCF loss, highlighting the strength of our system to discover hidden co-regulatory partners associated with CTCF-mediated transcription.

conclusionsThis study highlights that CTCF loss rewires genome-wide chromatin accessibility, which plays a critical role in transcriptional regulation.

Indexed as

Gene DeletionGenome, HumanBase SequenceBinding SitesCCCTC-Binding FactorCell Line, TumorChromatinGene Expression RegulationGenomicsHumansNeoplasm ProteinsReproducibility of ResultsBLCAP protein, humanCCCTC-Binding FactorChromatinNeoplasm ProteinsATAC-seqAuxin-induced degronChromatin accessibilityCTCFPhosphoproteomicsProteomicsTranscription factor

Identifiers

PMID34429148
PMCPMC8386078
OpenAlexW3196233305

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.