Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34428738›Full record

ArticleHeart & lung : the journal of critical care

The lived experiences of family members of Covid-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit: A phenomenological study.

Davide Bartoli, Francesca Trotta, Silvio Simeone, Gianluca Pucciarelli, Giovanni Battista Orsi, Oriana Acampora, Marco Di Muzio, Carmen Cappitella, Monica Rocco

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Family: A Concept Analysis.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Beyond the ICU: family resilience and emotional turmoil after intensive care - a qualitative study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Davide BartoliUnit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Psycology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Francesca TrottaUnit of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Silvio SimeoneDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Gianluca PucciarelliDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Giovanni Battista OrsiDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Oriana AcamporaDepartment of Medicine and Psycology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Marco Di MuzioDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035 - 00189 Rome, Italy.
Carmen CappitellaDepartment of Management, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Monica RoccoDepartment of Clinical and Surgical Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe family members of a patient admitted to a COVID Intensive Care Unit (COVID-ICU) could not communicate with and stay close to their loved one, which resulted in them becoming dependent on hospital staff for remote updates.

objectiveTo describe the lived experiences of families with a member admitted to a COVID-ICU.

methodsA phenomenological study was conducted. The subjects were interviewed with open-ended questions to allow them full freedom of expression. The researchers involved in the analysis immersed themselves in the data, independently reading and rereading the transcripts to gain a sense of the entire dataset.

resultsFourteen first-degree family members were recruited. Five main themes emerged: fear, detachment, life on standby, family-related loneliness in the COVID-ICU, and an unexpected event.

conclusionsKnowing the experience of families who have a relative in the COVID-ICU is essential for recognizing and reducing the risk of developing symptoms of post-intensive care syndrome.

Indexed as

COVID-19FamilyCritical IllnessHumansIntensive Care UnitsProfessional-Family RelationsCOVID-19DetachmentExperienceFamily careIntensive care unit

Identifiers

PMID34428738
PMCPMC8346335

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.