ArticlePloS one2021
Torquetenovirus in saliva: A potential biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 infection?
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the generation and dispersal of respiratory particles using upper respiratory commensal bacteria as index organisms for respiratory pathogens.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative viral load analysis of torque Teno virus and Torque teno mini virus in COVID-19 infected and non-infected individuals in the United Arab Emirates.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Investigation of Oral Shedding of Torquetenovirus (TTV) in Moderate-to-Severe COVID-19 Hospitalised Patients.Viruses · 2024Article
- Article
- Torquetenovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a biomarker for lung infection among immunocompromised hosts.Biomarkers in medicine · 2024Article
- Exploring the relationship between anellovirus load and clinical variables in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Implications for immune activation and inflammation.IJID regions · 2023Article
- Article
- TTV viral load as a predictor of antibody response to SARS COV-2 vaccination.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2023Article
- Maternal plasma and salivary anelloviruses in pregnancy and preterm birth.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Detailed characterization of Redondovirus in saliva of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil.PloS one · 2023Article
- Torque Teno virus DNA is found in the intracranial aneurysm wall-Is there a causative role?Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Detection of Torquetenovirus and Redondovirus DNA in Saliva Samples from SARS-CoV-2-Positive and -Negative Subjects.Viruses · 2022Article
- Development of a spectroscopic technique that enables the saliva based detection of COVID-19 at safe distances.Results in chemistry · 2021Article
- The Torque Teno Virus Titer in Saliva Reflects the Level of Circulating CD4Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Torquetenovirus (TTV) is present in biological fluids from healthy individuals and measurement of its titer is used to assess immune status in individuals with chronic infections and after transplants. We assessed if the titer of TTV in saliva varied with the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx and could be a marker of COVID-19 status. Saliva from 91 individuals positive for SARS-CoV-2 in nasal-oropharyngeal samples, and from 126 individuals who were SARS-CoV-2-negative, all with mild respiratory symptoms, were analyzed. Both groups were similar in age, gender, symptom duration and time after symptom initiation when saliva was collected. Titers of TTV and SARS-CoV-2 were assessed by gene amplification. Loss of smell (p = 0.0001) and fever (p = 0.0186) were more prevalent in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals, while sore throat (p = 0.0001), fatigue (p = 0.0037) and diarrhea (p = 0.0475) were more frequent in the SARS-CoV-2 negative group. The saliva TTV and nasal-oropharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 titers were correlated (p = 0.0085). The TTV level decreased as symptoms resolved in the SARS-CoV-2 infected group (p = 0.0285) but remained unchanged in the SARS-CoV-2 negative controls. In SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects who provided 2-4 saliva samples and in which TTV was initially present, the TTV titer always decreased over time as symptoms resolved. We propose that sequential TTV measurement in saliva is potentially useful to assess the likelihood of symptom resolution in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and to predict prognosis.
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