ReviewBioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy2021
Cryopreservation of NK and T Cells Without DMSO for Adoptive Cell-Based Immunotherapy.
Review in BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of natural killer cell cytotoxicity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Natural killer cell cryopreservation: Influence of composition, temperature, and granules on post-thaw survival and function.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Next-generation CAR-NK cell therapy: engineering strategies, translational challenges, and future perspectives in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Induction of stress granules alleviates programmed cell death induced by lysosomal damage during NK cell cryopreservation.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Antifreezing hydrogels for biomedical applications from design strategies to emerging multifunctionality.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- CAR-NK cell therapy for hematologic malignancies: advances, challenges and optimization strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Bottom-Up Ice Growth Geometry Attenuates Shear Stress and Improves the Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Under Low DMSO Concentrations.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Article
- Harnessing the Power of CAR-NK Cells for Solid Tumors: Challenges, Innovations, and Future Frontiers in Immunotherapy.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- Restoring NK Cell Cytotoxicity Post-Cryopreservation via Synthetic Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Precision sniper for solid tumors: CAR-NK cell therapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Review
- Emerging combined CAR-NK cell therapies in cancer treatment: Finding a dancing partner.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Cryopreservation of human lung tissue for 3D ex vivo analysis.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Revolutionising Cancer Immunotherapy: Advancements and Prospects in Non-Viral CAR-NK Cell Engineering.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Barriers to Effective Cryopreservation of Cell Therapies: Challenges and Emerging Solution.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Recent advances in tumor immunotherapy based on NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effects of Thioglycolate Compounds in an Emerging Technique in the World of Cosmetics-Brow Lamination.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Review
- GMP Manufacturing of Allogenic iPSC-NK Cells for Immunotherapy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Strong capacity of differentiated PD-L1 CAR-modified UCB-CD34Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Biomaterial-enhanced treg cell immunotherapy: A promising approach for transplant medicine and autoimmune disease treatment.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Pretreatment with IL-15 and IL-18 rescues natural killer cells from granzyme B-mediated apoptosis after cryopreservation.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dimethylsufoxide (DMSO) being universally used as a cryoprotectant in clinical adoptive cell-therapy settings to treat hematological malignancies and solid tumors is a growing concern, largely due to its broad toxicities. Its use has been associated with significant clinical side effects-cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and allergic-in patients receiving infusions of cell-therapy products. DMSO has also been associated with altered expression of natural killer (NK) and T-cell markers and their in vivo function, not to mention difficulties in scaling up DMSO-based cryoprotectants, which introduce manufacturing challenges for autologous and allogeneic cellular therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T and CAR-NK cell therapies. Interest in developing alternatives to DMSO has resulted in the evaluation of a variety of sugars, proteins, polymers, amino acids, and other small molecules and osmolytes as well as modalities to efficiently enable cellular uptake of these cryoprotectants. However, the DMSO-free cryopreservation of NK and T cells remains difficult. They represent heterogeneous cell populations that are sensitive to freezing and thawing. As a result, clinical use of cryopreserved cell-therapy products has not moved past the use of DMSO. Here, we present the state of the art in the development and use of cryopreservation options that do not contain DMSO toward clinical solutions to enable the global deployment of safer adoptively transferred cell-based therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.