ArticleActa dermato-venereologica2021
Skin Exposures, Hand Eczema and Facial Skin Disease in Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study.
Article in Acta dermato-venereologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Facial dermatoses induced by face masks: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Contact dermatitis · 2022Pooled it
- Hand hygiene and hand eczema: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Contact dermatitis · 2022Pooled it
- The Effect of Alcohol-Based Virucidal Hand Sanitizers on Skin Barrier Function-A Randomised Experimental Study.Contact dermatitis · 2025Trial
- Exposome involvement in the development of acne vulgaris.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Occupational skin health risk among nurses: development and validation of a nomogram-based prediction model.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The Role of Susceptibility in the Association Between Exposures and Occupational Contact Dermatitis: A Scoping Review.Contact dermatitis · 2026Article
- Hand Eczema and Facial Skin Problems - Association with Occupational Exposures among Community Care Personnel in Sweden: A Cross-sectional Study.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2025Article
- A multimodal approach to acne mechanica associated to medical face masks using clinical examination, fluorescent photography, and in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Article
- Retention of nickel, cobalt and chromium in skin at conditions mimicking intense hand hygiene practices using water, soap, and hand-disinfectant in vitro.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Occupational Skin Dermatitis among Healthcare Workers Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Changes in Infection Prevention Practices and Occurrence of Skin Symptoms among Healthcare Workers, Cleaners and Day-care Workers in Norway during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2023Article
- Adolescents' Knowledge and Attitudes Related to Hand Eczema: A Cross-Sectional Study.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Glove-Induced Hand Dermatitis: A Study in Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.Dermatology research and practice · 2023Article
- The change in the frequency and severity of facial dermatoses and complaints in healthcare workers during the COVID-19.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2022Article
- An Overview of Cleaning Agents' Health Hazards and Occupational Injuries and Diseases Attributed to Them in Sweden.Annals of work exposures and health · 2022Review
- Hand eczema, wet work exposure, and quality of life in health care workers in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic.JAAD international · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Occupational Hand Eczema among Healthcare Workers and its Associated Risk Factors in a Tertiary Hospital in Sarawak During Covid-19 Pandemic.Indian journal of dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to enhanced hygiene procedures and use of personal protective equipment, but also to increased attention to occupational skin disease in healthcare workers. The occurrence of hand and facial skin disease in > 5,000 Swedish healthcare workers was investigated in a questionnaire survey. Levels of skin exposure related to hygiene procedures and personal protective equipment were recorded. Caring for patients with COVID-19 entailed higher levels of wet work and face mask exposures, and was associated with higher 1-year prevalence of both hand eczema (36%) and facial skin disease (32%) compared with not being directly engaged in COVID-19 care (28% and 22%, respectively). Acne and eczema were the most common facial skin diseases; for both, a dose-dependent association with face mask use was found. Dose-dependent associations could be shown between hand eczema and exposure to soap and gloves, but not to alcohol-based hand disinfectants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.