Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2022
Al-Anon Intensive Referral to facilitate concerned others' participation in Al-Anon Family Groups: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of concerned others' mental health and quality of life over 12 months following adults' entry into treatment for an alcohol use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Trial
- Predictors of concerned others' Al-Anon attendance and involvement following adults' entry into treatment for an alcohol use disorder.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Patient-Concerned Other Dyads' 12-Step Involvement and Patients' Substance Use: A Latent Class Growth Model Analysis.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo test the effectiveness of an intervention, Al-Anon Intensive Referral (AIR), to facilitate participation in Al-Anon Family Groups (Al-Anon). DESIGN, SETTING AND
participantsMulti-site, randomized controlled trial of AIR versus usual care (UC), with follow-up assessments at 3, 6 and 12 months. The 12-month follow-up rate was 74%. Residential alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment programs in three US locations. Concerned others (COs) of patients in treatment for AUD. COs were mainly women (77%) who were patients' spouses (33%) or parents (25%). INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: AIR (n = 128) consisted of four sessions over 3 months with an Al-Anon coach. UC (n = 151) was the treatment program's offer of educational sessions for COs. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome: COs' self-reports of any Al-Anon attendance (yes or no) at 3 months. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: number of Al-Anon meetings and the CO-patient relationship (stressors, resources). Potential predictors of outcomes examined in generalized linear mixed models were their baseline value, time, CO-patient relationship type (marital or non-marital), treatment program and condition.
findingsThere was no effect of condition for the primary outcome (28% in AIR, 21% in UC; Bayes factor = 1.86). Relationship stressors at follow-ups were more severe for COs in a marital relationship with the patient than for COs in a non-marital relationship [β = 2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07, 3.32]. For CO-patient relationship resources at follow-ups, the main effect for condition was significant (β = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.04, 2.61). COs assigned to the AIR condition had more resources than COs who were in the UC condition.
conclusionsRelative to usual care, Al-Anon Intensive Referral was not associated with increases in participation of concerned others in Al-Anon, but was associated with more resources in the concerned other-patient relationship.
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