ArticleAIDS and behavior2022
Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of the Gender Equitable Men's Scale Using a Longitudinal Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cluster randomized controlled trial of Stepping Stones and Creating Futures to reduce mental health challenges among young men in informal settlements in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Improved Relationship Quality, Equitable Gender Attitudes, and Reduced Alcohol Abuse as Key Mechanisms to Reduce Intimate Partner Violence in the Bandebereho Couples' Randomized Trial in Rwanda.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2022Trial
- Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial among young people and their peers to reduce substance use and inequitable gender beliefs in Southern Africa.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Socio-behavioral factors linked to willingness to use new male contraceptives: A cross-sectional survey of men and female partners across four low- and middle-income countries.Contraception · 2026Article
- Inequities in maternal healthcare access in the Marrakech-Safi region, Morocco: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Gender norms and sexual violence among South African adolescents: discrepancies between personal attitudes and perceived peer norms.AIDS care · 2025Article
- Reconsidering tools for measuring gender dimensions in biomedical research.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- "I feel like it is asking if he is a stalker … but I also feel like it is asking if he cares": exploring young South African women and men's perceptions of the Sexual Relationship Power Scale.BMC public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inequitable gender norms and beliefs contribute to increased sexual risk behavior, and, among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), risk of HIV acquisition. We investigated the longitudinal measurement properties of the Gender Equitable Men's Scale (GEMS) when applied to a cohort of AGYW in rural South Africa (2011-2015). We used item response theory [Person-Item maps, Differential Item Functioning (DIF)] and measurement invariance confirmatory factor analysis models to assess the validity and reliability of the GEMS instrument. Item difficulty and endorsement of gender equitable beliefs both shifted over time. DIF analysis identified item bias for over half of the items; influenced by age, pregnancy, sexual debut, and intimate partner violence. Measurement invariance models revealed strong longitudinal invariance properties. GEMS is a reliable longitudinal measurement of gender equitable beliefs, with notable bias for specific items when administered to subgroups. Additional items specific to the adolescent experience are warranted for a more stable assessment of gender equitable beliefs in a population facing shifting norms as they mature.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.