Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34426778›Full record

ArticleEuropean physical journal plus2021

Bifurcation analysis of a discrete-time compartmental model for hypertensive or diabetic patients exposed to COVID-19.

Muhammad Salman Khan, Maria Samreen, Muhammad Ozair, Takasar Hussain, J F Gómez-Aguilar

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Article in European physical journal plus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Muhammad Salman KhanDepartment of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 44230 Pakistan.
Maria SamreenDepartment of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 44230 Pakistan.
Muhammad OzairDepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Attock, Pakistan.
Takasar HussainDepartment of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Attock, Pakistan.
J F Gómez-AguilarCONACyT-Tecnológico Nacional de México/CENIDET, Interior Internado Palmira S/N, Col. Palmira, C.P. 62490, Cuernavaca, Morelos México.ORCID 0000-0001-9403-3767

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this article, a mathematical model for hypertensive or diabetic patients open to COVID-19 is considered along with a set of first-order nonlinear differential equations. Moreover, the method of piecewise arguments is used to discretize the continuous system. The mathematical system is said to reveal six equilibria, namely, extinction equilibrium, boundary equilibrium, quarantined-free equilibrium, exposure-free equilibrium, endemic equilibrium, and the equilibrium free from susceptible population. Local stability conditions are developed for our discrete-time mathematical system about each of its equilibrium point. The existence of period-doubling bifurcation and chaos is studied in the absence of isolated population. It is shown that our system will become unstable and experiences the chaos when the quarantined compartment is empty, which is true in biological meanings. The existence of Neimark-Sacker bifurcation is studied for the endemic equilibrium point. Moreover, it is shown numerically that our discrete-time mathematical system experiences the period-doubling bifurcation about its endemic equilibrium. To control the period-doubling bifurcation, Neimark-Sacker bifurcation, a generalized hybrid control methodology is used. Moreover, this model is analyzed along with generalized hybrid control in order to eliminate chaos and oscillation epidemiologically presenting the significance of quarantine in the COVID-19 environment.

Identifiers

PMID34426778
PMCPMC8372232

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