ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2021
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors and the Risk of Cancer among Older Americans with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitor Use and Malignancy Risk: A Systematic Review and Patient Level Meta-Analysis.Cancers · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- TNF-alpha: Roles in pathogenesis and therapeutics in cancer.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Urologic malignancy risk with chronic tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor (TNF-I) exposure: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Genomic profile of an IDH-wild-type glioblastoma diagnosed following TNF-α inhibitor therapy: a molecular case study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Tumor safety of biologic agents and targeted therapies in immune-mediated inflammatory arthritides.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Age-Specific Risk Factors for Cancer in a Long-Term Korean Cohort of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Treated with TNF Inhibitors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoporosis as Prototypes of Immunosenescence in Osteoimmunology: Molecular Pathways of Inflammaging and Targeted Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cancer Risk in Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Diseases: A Narrative Review for Practising Clinicians.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term risk of de novo malignancy with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibitor immunosuppression: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Article
- Treatment of Persons with Rheumatoid Arthritis with a History of Cancer.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- Cancer risk of Janus kinase inhibitors and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs among older Americans with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Disentangling the Complex Relationships Between Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer Through Polygenic Risk Scores: Evidence from a Large Prospective Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Subcutaneous Leukemia Cutis as the Initial Manifestation of CD23 Negative CLL/SLL in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis on Chronic TNF-Alpha Inhibition.Case reports in hematology · 2025Article
- Cell-Based Therapy and Genome Editing as Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis.Cells · 2024Review
- Multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient medicated with etanercept and methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2024Article
- Risk of Skin Cancer in Patients with Psoriasis: Single-Center Retrospective Study Comparing Anti-TNFα and Phototherapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Autoimmune disease and the risk of anal cancer in the US population aged 66 years and over.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- The research progress of biologics in elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA).Frontiers in aging · 2024Review
- Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for ankylosing spondylitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTNF inhibitors (TNFi) effectively treat rheumatoid arthritis but may increase patient risk of some malignancies, particularly lymphomas or skin cancers.
methodsWe used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data to conduct a case-control study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2007-2015). Cases were individuals with a first cancer diagnosed in SEER registries (ages 66-99, 22 cancer sites,
resultsTNFi exposure was present in 16.2% of controls and 12.8% to 33.7% of cancer cases, varying by site. TNFi use was associated with increased risk of NMSC overall (aOR 1.32, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.63), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) overall (1.28, 1.06-1.56) and, specifically, follicular lymphoma (2.63, 1.63-4.24). TNFi exposure was not associated with other SEER cancer sites, BCC or SCC specifically, or other common NHL subtypes.
conclusionsAmong older adults with rheumatoid arthritis, TNFi exposure was associated with elevated risk of NMSC and NHL, driven specifically by follicular lymphoma. Exposure was not associated with increased risk for other cancer sites. IMPACT: Our results support a role for TNF in lymphomagenesis. Given the association with NMSC, patients initiating TNFi therapy may benefit from skin cancer screening and sun protection measures.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.