Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34425797›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Exploring the beliefs and perceptions of spending time in nature among U.S. youth.

Astrid N Zamora, Marika E Waselewski, Abby J Frank, Jack R Nawrocki, Aspen R Hanson, Tammy Chang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Outdoor physical activity, mental health, life satisfaction, happiness and life stress among Canadian adolescents.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Astrid N ZamoraDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Marika E WaselewskiDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 14- Room G128, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Abby J FrankCommunity High School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jack R NawrockiCollege of Literature, Science, and The Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Aspen R HansonCollege of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Tammy ChangDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 14- Room G128, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. tachang@med.umich.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe prevalence of poor mental health continues to rise among youth; however, large-scale interventions to improve mental and physical health remain a public health challenge. Time spent in nature is associated with improved health among youth. This study aimed to assess youth experiences with nature and the self-perceived impact on their mental and physical health among a nationwide sample of US youth.

methodsIn September 2020, five open-ended questions that aimed to assess perceptions regarding nature were posed to 1174 MyVoice youth, aged 14-24 years. Qualitative responses were analyzed using thematic analysis, and data were summarized using descriptive statistics.

resultsThe mean (SD) age of the 994 respondents (RR = 84.7%) was 18.9 (2.7) years; 47.4% were female, and 57.4% Non-Hispanic White. Among youth, many felt that spending time in nature positively impacted their mental health, with 51.6% mentioning that it made them "feel calm when I am out in nature"; 22.1% said that it relieved stress or "reduces my anxiety," and 17.1% felt that being in nature positively impacted their physical health and "makes me feel more active and in shape." However, 7.0% said it negatively impacted their health, such as "It makes me feel isolated." Most youth (87.8%) want to spend more time in nature, with 22% mentioning barriers (i.e., busy schedules, built environment, and COVID-19) impeding them from doing so.

conclusionsYouth in our sample generally report feeling physically and mentally better when spending time in nature and want to spend more time in nature. Public health policies and practices that eliminate barriers and actively support time spent outside may be a feasible and acceptable practice to promote overall well-being among youth.

Indexed as

COVID-19AdolescentAnxiety DisordersFemaleHumansMental HealthPerceptionSARS-CoV-2AdolescentMental healthNaturePhysical healthYouth

Identifiers

PMID34425797
PMCPMC8381719

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.