ArticleInfection and immunity2021
α-Galactosylceramide-Reactive NKT Cells Increase IgG1 Class Switch against a Clostridioides difficile Polysaccharide Antigen and Enhance Immunity against a Live Pathogen Challenge.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pigs lacking Natural Killer T cells have altered cellular responses to influenza.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
- Liposomal Co-Delivery of Antigenic Glycan LDNF and α-GalCer Elicits Potent IgG Responses with Potential for Anti-Helminth Immunity.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Pigs lacking Natural Killer T cells have altered cellular responses to influenza.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The interplay between host immunity andmBio · 2025Review
- B cell-expressed CD1d promotes MPL/TDCM lipid emulsion adjuvant effects in polysaccharide vaccines.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- NKT cells-a generalist in disease treatment and a new key to unlock immunotherapy.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Can invariant Natural Killer T cells drive B cell fate? a look at the humoral response.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Bioactivities and Anti-Cancer Activities of NKT-Stimulatory Phenyl-Glycolipid Formulated with a PEGylated Lipid Nanocarrier.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Article
- The screening, identification, design and clinical application of tumor-specific neoantigens for TCR-T cells.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Use of aFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
All clinical Clostridioides difficile strains identified to date express a surface capsule-like polysaccharide structure known as polysaccharide II (PSII). The PSII antigen is immunogenic and, when conjugated to a protein carrier, induces a protective antibody response in animal models. Given that CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells promote antibody responses, including those against carbohydrates, we tested the hypothesis that immunization with PSII and a CD1d-binding glycolipid adjuvant could lead to enhanced protection against a live C. difficile challenge. We purified PSII from a clinical isolate of C. difficile and immunized B6 mice with PSII alone or PSII plus the CD1d-binding glycolipid α-galactosylceramide (α-GC). PSII-specific IgM and IgG titers were evident in sera from immunized mice. The inclusion of α-GC had a modest influence on isotype switch but increased the IgG1/IgG2c ratio. Enhanced protection against C. difficile disease was achieved by inclusion of the α-GC ligand and was associated with reduced bacterial numbers in fecal pellets. In contrast, NKT-deficient Traj18
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.