Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34424480›Full record

ReviewStem cell reviews and reports2021

The Fetal-to-Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transition and its Role in Childhood Hematopoietic Malignancies.

Ryan Mack, Lei Zhang, Peter Breslin Sj, Jiwang Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell reviews and reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Do human B-1 lymphocytes truly exist?Frontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. A Dapl1Science advances · 2025
    Article
  4. Multimodal analysis ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
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  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ryan MackDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
Lei ZhangDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
Peter Breslin SjDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
Jiwang ZhangDepartment of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. jzhang@luc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4309-2892

Funding

RIP1/RIP3-Calpain-Stat3 and NF-kappa B pathways in AML pathogenesis and treatmentR01CA223194 · NCI · LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO · PI ZHANG, JIWANG · 2018 to 2022
$1.7M
Systematic identification of hematopoietic stem cell expansion factorsR01HL133560 · NHLBI · LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO · PI ZHANG, JIWANG · 2017 to 2020
$1.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA223194NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133560NIH HHS R01 CA223194-01NIH HHS R01 HL133560-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As with most organ systems that undergo continuous generation and maturation during the transition from fetal to adult life, the hematopoietic and immune systems also experience dynamic changes. Such changes lead to many unique features in blood cell function and immune responses in early childhood. The blood cells and immune cells in neonates are a mixture of fetal and adult origin due to the co-existence of both fetal and adult types of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs). Fetal blood and immune cells gradually diminish during maturation of the infant and are almost completely replaced by adult types of cells by 3 to 4 weeks after birth in mice. Such features in early childhood are associated with unique features of hematopoietic and immune diseases, such as leukemia, at these developmental stages. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hematopoietic and immune changes occur throughout ontogeny will provide useful information for the study and treatment of pediatric blood and immune diseases. In this review, we summarize the most recent studies on hematopoietic initiation during early embryonic development, the expansion of both fetal and adult types of HSCs and HPCs in the fetal liver and fetal bone marrow stages, and the shift from fetal to adult hematopoiesis/immunity during neonatal/infant development. We also discuss the contributions of fetal types of HSCs/HPCs to childhood leukemias.

Indexed as

Fetal Stem CellsHematologic NeoplasmsAnimalsBone MarrowChild, PreschoolFemaleHematopoiesisHematopoietic Stem CellsHumansMicePregnancyFetalHematopoiesisInfantLeukemiaNeonatal

Identifiers

PMID34424480
PMCPMC9059172

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.