ReviewFrontiers in sports and active living2021
Under the Hood: Skeletal Muscle Determinants of Endurance Performance.
Review in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Muscle strength, muscle morphology, and oxidative capacity in normal weight versus overweight and obese youth: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Methodological and aerobic capacity adaptations of high-intensity interval training at different altitudes in distance runners: A comprehensive meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of Polarized Versus Other Types of Endurance Training Intensity Distribution on Athletes' Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Sex and Training Status.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Blood flow restriction combined with resistance training on muscle strength and thickness improvement in young adults: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Citius, Maius, Melius: Mitochondria and Endurance Performance.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Hypoxic Training for Judo: Practices, Perceptions and Education of Judo Athletes and Performance Staff.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The effects of 10 months of exercise on circulating ketone body concentration among children.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Muscle mitochondria, function, mass, and quality of life in prostate cancer during androgen deprivation therapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Agreement between muscle saturation breakpoints and lactate thresholds: Muscles comparison and sex difference in world-class Nordic skiers.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Comparison of muscle oxygenation and total hemoglobin levels during isokinetic concentric and eccentric contractions at different speeds in athletes.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Associations between incremental exercise capacity and multimodal brain characteristics across training levels.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Classifying Soccer Players Based on Physical Capacities and Match-Specific Running Performance Using Machine Learning.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2025Article
- Physiological Predictors of Peak Velocity in the VAM-EVAL Incremental Test and the Role of Kinematic Variables in Running Economy in Triathletes.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Beyond Playing Positions: Categorizing Soccer Players Based on Match-Specific Running Performance Using Machine Learning.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2025Article
- Predicting VOSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- The Training Intensity Distribution of Marathon Runners Across Performance Levels.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Sprinters' and Marathon Runners' Performances Are Better Explained by Muscle Fibers' Percentage Cross-Sectional Area than Any Other Parameter of Muscle Fiber Composition.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the past decades, researchers have extensively studied (elite) athletes' physiological responses to understand how to maximize their endurance performance. In endurance sports, whole-body measurements such as the maximal oxygen consumption, lactate threshold, and efficiency/economy play a key role in performance. Although these determinants are known to interact, it has also been demonstrated that athletes rarely excel in all three. The leading question is how athletes reach exceptional values in one or all of these determinants to optimize their endurance performance, and how such performance can be explained by (combinations of) underlying physiological determinants. In this review, we advance on Joyner and Coyle's conceptual framework of endurance performance, by integrating a meta-analysis of the interrelationships, and corresponding effect sizes between endurance performance and its key physiological determinants at the macroscopic (whole-body) and the microscopic level (muscle tissue, i.e., muscle fiber oxidative capacity, oxygen supply, muscle fiber size, and fiber type). Moreover, we discuss how these physiological determinants can be improved by training and what potential physiological challenges endurance athletes may face when trying to maximize their performance. This review highlights that integrative assessment of skeletal muscle determinants points toward efficient type-I fibers with a high mitochondrial oxidative capacity and strongly encourages well-adjusted capillarization and myoglobin concentrations to accommodate the required oxygen flux during endurance performance, especially in large muscle fibers. Optimisation of endurance performance requires careful design of training interventions that fine tune modulation of exercise intensity, frequency and duration, and particularly periodisation with respect to the skeletal muscle determinants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.