ReviewFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2021
Clinical Implications of IL-32, IL-34 and IL-37 in Atherosclerosis: Speculative Role in Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19.
Review in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Upregulation of IL-32γ in endothelial cells promotes macrophage recruitment and inflammatory progression in atherosclerosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Emerging Role of Interleukin-32 in HIV-Associated Cardiovascular Comorbidities: A Mini Review.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Emerging cytokines contribute to the clinical manifestation of carotid artery plaque formation and stability in patients with diabetes.Atherosclerosis plus · 2025Article
- Severity-specific immune landscape of COVID-19 revealed by single-cell sequencing.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Single-cell multiomics reveal divergent effects of DNMT3A- and TET2-mutant clonal hematopoiesis in inflammatory response.Blood advances · 2025Article
- The role of IL-37 and IL-38 in rheumatoid arthritis, the potential clinical applications in precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- IL-34 aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by upregulating the HMGB1-IL-17A-IL-6 axis through the JAK signaling pathway.PloS one · 2025Article
- Identifying Mechanism of Resveratrol for the Treatment of COVID-19 and Idiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Dichotomous roles of IL-36 and IL-38 in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Protective Role of Interleukin-37 in Cardiovascular Diseases through Ferroptosis Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- IL-2 and TCR stimulation induce expression and secretion of IL-32β by human T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- IL‑37 suppresses macrophage ferroptosis to attenuate diabetic atherosclerosis via the NRF2 pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Circulating Interlukin-32 and Altered Blood Pressure Control in Individuals with Metabolic Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Wellens' syndrome following severe COVID-19 infection, an innocent coincidence or a deadly association: two case reports.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disorders and COVID-19: Comorbid Pathogenesis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association of Interleukin-32 and Interleukin-34 with Cardiovascular Disease and Short-Term Mortality in COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Novel insights into IL-37: an anti-inflammatory cytokine with emerging roles in anti-cancer process.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Serum IL-38 Level Was Associated with Incidence of MACE in the STEMI Patients.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetes Revealed by scRNA-Seq and CITE-Seq of Human CD4+ T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, which is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths around the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterised by the accumulation of lipid plaques in the arterial wall, triggering inflammation that is regulated by cytokines/chemokines that mediate innate and adaptive immunity. This review focuses on IL-32, -34 and -37 in the stable vs. unstable plaques from atherosclerotic patients. Dysregulation of the novel cytokines IL-32, -34 and -37 has been discovered in atherosclerotic plaques. IL-32 and -34 are pro-atherogenic and associated with an unstable plaque phenotype; whereas IL-37 is anti-atherogenic and maintains plaque stability. It is speculated that these cytokines may contribute to the explanation for the increased occurrence of atherosclerotic plaque rupture seen in patients with COVID-19 infection. Understanding the roles of these cytokines in atherogenesis may provide future therapeutic perspectives, both in the management of unstable plaque and acute coronary syndrome, and may contribute to our understanding of the COVID-19 cytokine storm.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.