ReviewCellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS2021
A look into retinal organoids: methods, analytical techniques, and applications.
Review in Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Patients with Inherited Retinal Diseases: A Systematic Review.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Pooled it
- Streamlined synthetic regulatory cassette for efficient and photoreceptor-enriched retinal gene expression.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Long-term daily light exposure boosts human retinal organoid differentiation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Stem cell-based therapies for neuroretinal degeneration: current landscape and future perspectives.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis reveals impaired Müller glia-mediated intercellular communication and photoreceptor pathology in USH1C retinal organoids.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Redefining ocular safety assessment: retinal organoids as platforms for predicting human ocular toxicology.Genes & genomics · 2026Review
- Genetic Testing in Inherited Retinal Disease: Current Strategies and Future Directions.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Retinal organoids: current status of development and new avenues for application in disease modeling, drug discovery and therapeutics.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Review
- Engineering Human Retinal Organoids and Eye-on-a-Chip Models for Degenerative Eye Disease.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Review
- AAV-mediated exon skipping therapy for Usher syndrome, type 2A.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Reporter-guided photoreceptor differentiation in 2D culture using PGP1-hIPSCs: A comparable alternative to 3D organoid systems?Molecular vision · 2026Article
- Novel developments in retinal regeneration: Advances and future outlooks in stem cell therapy.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Graphene-polymer nanofibers enable optically induced electrical responses in stem cell-derived electrically excitable cells and brain organoids.Biomaterials · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in mRNA isoform usage during human retinal development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- USH2A-Mutated Human Retinal Organoids Model Rod-Cone Dystrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Human retinal organoids for modelling dry age-related macular degeneration and screening drugs.Genes & diseases · 2025Article
- Progress of iPSC-derived retinal organoids in the study of inherited retinal diseases.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Elucidating photoreceptor gene function with in-vivo CRISPR knock-out perturbation assay.Research square · 2025Article
- Tackling ciliary specialization to understand phenotypic variability in human primary ciliopathies.Journal of cell science · 2025Review
- Human Nervous System-Based Biohybrid Robot-On-A-Chip with Sensing Function for Toxicity Screening.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) cause progressive loss of light-sensitive photoreceptors in the eye and can lead to blindness. Gene-based therapies for IRDs have shown remarkable progress in the past decade, but the vast majority of forms remain untreatable. In the era of personalised medicine, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) emerge as a valuable system for cell replacement and to model IRD because they retain the specific patient genome and can differentiate into any adult cell type. Three-dimensional (3D) iPSCs-derived retina-like tissue called retinal organoid contains all major retina-specific cell types: amacrine, bipolar, horizontal, retinal ganglion cells, Müller glia, as well as rod and cone photoreceptors. Here, we describe the main applications of retinal organoids and provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-art analysis methods that apply to this model system. Finally, we will discuss the outlook for improvements that would bring the cellular model a step closer to become an established system in research and treatment development of IRDs.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.