Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34419692›Full record

ArticleSexual medicine2021

Effect of Epidural Analgesia on Pelvic Floor Dysfunction at 6 Months Postpartum in Primiparous Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Jingran Du, Juntong Ye, Hui Fei, Mengxiong Li, Juan He, Lixiang Liu, Yun Liu, Tian Li

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sexual medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jingran DuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Juntong YeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Hui FeiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Mengxiong LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Juan HeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Lixiang LiuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Yun LiuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Tian LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pelvic Floor Disorder Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: sandylitian@126.com.
The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University · CNSun Yat-sen University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionEpidural analgesia has become a universal intervention for relieving labor pain, and its effect on the pelvic floor is controversial.

aimTo investigate the effect of epidural analgesia on pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in primiparous women at 6 months postpartum.

methodsWe performed a prospective cohort study involving 150 primiparous women in preparation for vaginal delivery, with 74 (49.3%) receiving epidural analgesia. Baseline demographic and intrapartum data were collected. At 6 months postpartum, PFD symptoms, including stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, defecation disorder, pelvic organ prolapse, and 4 kinds of sexual dysfunction (arousal disorder, low sexual desire, dyspareunia, and orgasm disorder), were evaluated. Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) function and postpartum depression were also assessed. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify factors associated with the PFD symptoms affected by epidural analgesia.

main outcome measurePFD symptoms and sexual dysfunction were evaluated through Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-12). PFM function was examined with palpation and surface electromyography (sEMG). Postpartum depression was assessed using Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).

resultsAt 6 months postpartum, women who delivered with epidural analgesia had a higher incidence of dyspareunia (43.2% vs 26.3%, P <0.05) and longer first, second, and total stage of labor durations (P <0.01) than those who without. No significant difference in other PFD symptoms or PFM function was found between the 2 groups (P >0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that epidural analgesia (OR = 3.056, 95% CI = 1.217-7.671) and SDS scores (OR = 1.066, 95% CI = 1.009-1.127) were independent risk factors for dyspareunia.

conclusionAt 6 months postpartum in primiparous women, epidural analgesia was associated with an increased risk of postpartum dyspareunia and longer labor durations, which deserves attention for rehabilitation after delivery. Future studies with a larger sample size are needed to evaluate the impact of epidural analgesia on other PFD symptoms. Du J, Ye J, Fei H, et al. Effect of Epidural Analgesia on Pelvic Floor Dysfunction at 6 Months Postpartum in Primiparous Women: A Prospective Cohort Study. Sex Med 2021;9:100417.

Indexed as

dyspareuniaepidural analgesiapelvic floor dysfunctionsexual dysfunction

Identifiers

PMID34419692
PMCPMC8498962
OpenAlexW3195693235

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.