ArticleThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice2022
Access to Allergen-Free Food Among Black and White Children with Food Allergy in the FORWARD Study.
Article in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association Between Food Insecurity and Food Allergy Among Low- to Middle-Income Households in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Across Three Provinces.Journal of food science · 2026Article
- Pediatric IgE mediated food allergies and ethnic group inequalities: A scoping review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Review
- Psychosocial Burden of Multiple IgE-Mediated Food Allergies in Pediatric Patients and Caregivers in the FORWARD Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Ethnic-Racial Disparities in Food Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Inequities in Food Access and Availability.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Strategic Directions for Advancing Equity in Food Allergy: Takeaways From CFAAR's Summit for Advancing Equity in Food Allergy.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Total Serum IgE in a Cohort of Children With Food Allergy.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Observational
- Advancing equity in allergy and immunology: progress, pitfalls, and the path forward.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Sociodemographic factors linked to food allergy diagnosis among high-risk children with atopic dermatitis.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024Article
- Addressing Health Equity in Food Allergy.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024Article
- Impact of socioeconomic factors on allergic diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Barriers to Timely Diagnosis of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRacial differences in access to allergen-free food have not been fully described among children with food allergy (FA).
objectiveTo examine access to allergen-free foods among Black and White children with FA.
methodsBlack and White children with FA were enrolled in Food Allergy Outcomes Related to White and African American Racial Differences (FORWARD), a multisite prospective cohort study at 4 urban US centers. Caregivers completed questionnaires regarding access to allergen-free foods. Univariable statistics described demographics. Bivariable statistics evaluated crude associations with access to allergen-free foods. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the adjusted effect of race on access to allergen-free foods. Geospatial analyses examined the distribution of race, socioeconomic status, and food desert residence.
resultsAmong participants (n = 336), White caregivers (88.1%) were more likely to report access to allergen-free foods than Black caregivers (59%) (P < .001). White caregivers were more likely to purchase allergen-free foods online (35.2%) than Black caregivers (12%) (P < .001). Although Black children were more likely to live in a food desert, access to allergen-free food was not related to food desert residence. In the unadjusted analysis, White children were 5.2 times as likely to have access than Black children (P < .001); after adjusting for demographics, this increase in access was no longer significant (P = .08). Other predictors of access to allergen-free foods included online food purchasing, annual household income, respondent education level, milk allergy, and child age >5 years.
conclusionIn the FORWARD cohort, Black children have less access to allergen-free foods than White children, but much of the difference is accounted for by socioeconomic status and other participant characteristics.
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