Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34419205›Full record

ReviewLancet (London, England)2021

Hot weather and heat extremes: health risks.

Kristie L Ebi, Anthony Capon, Peter Berry, Carolyn Broderick, Richard de Dear, George Havenith, Yasushi Honda, R Sari Kovats, Wei Ma, Arunima Malik and 5 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Lancet (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 603 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
603citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06798987 enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Characterization of the Spatial Distribution and Drivers of the Association of Meteorological Factors and Air Pollution with the Number of First Aiders

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorLi hengjieRan2024 to 2025Enrolled1,500,000ConditionsFig. ImpetuousArmsMeteorological conditions and air pollution
NCT07643571 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Study on Intervention Effect of Heat-related Health Risk Early Warning Digital Technology for School-age Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, ChinaRan2026 to 2026Enrolled200ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Respiratory Diseases, Mental Health Disorders, Heat IllnessArmsWeChat Mini-program Based Heat Health Risk Early Warning Intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

603 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. A Geospatial Linkage Analysis of Environmental Exposures, Socioeconomic Profile and Health Outcomes Among Women of Reproductive Age in Victoria, Australia.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
    Article
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  14. Review
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  19. Review
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543 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Kristie L EbiCenter for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: krisebi@uw.edu.
Anthony CaponMonash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Peter BerryFaculty of Environment, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Carolyn BroderickSchool of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Richard de DearIndoor Environmental Quality Laboratory, School of Architecture, Design, and Planning, Sydney, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
George HavenithEnvironmental Ergonomics Research Centre, School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Yasushi HondaFaculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
R Sari KovatsNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Change and Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Wei MaSchool of Public Health and Climate Change and Health Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Arunima MalikDiscipline of Accounting, Business School, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Physics, Faculty of Science, ISA, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Nathan B MorrisThermal Ergonomics Laboratory, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lars NyboDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Sonia I SeneviratneInstitute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jennifer VanosSchool of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Ollie JayThermal Ergonomics Laboratory, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney School of Health Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hot ambient conditions and associated heat stress can increase mortality and morbidity, as well as increase adverse pregnancy outcomes and negatively affect mental health. High heat stress can also reduce physical work capacity and motor-cognitive performances, with consequences for productivity, and increase the risk of occupational health problems. Almost half of the global population and more than 1 billion workers are exposed to high heat episodes and about a third of all exposed workers have negative health effects. However, excess deaths and many heat-related health risks are preventable, with appropriate heat action plans involving behavioural strategies and biophysical solutions. Extreme heat events are becoming permanent features of summer seasons worldwide, causing many excess deaths. Heat-related morbidity and mortality are projected to increase further as climate change progresses, with greater risk associated with higher degrees of global warming. Particularly in tropical regions, increased warming might mean that physiological limits related to heat tolerance (survival) will be reached regularly and more often in coming decades. Climate change is interacting with other trends, such as population growth and ageing, urbanisation, and socioeconomic development, that can either exacerbate or ameliorate heat-related hazards. Urban temperatures are further enhanced by anthropogenic heat from vehicular transport and heat waste from buildings. Although there is some evidence of adaptation to increasing temperatures in high-income countries, projections of a hotter future suggest that without investment in research and risk management actions, heat-related morbidity and mortality are likely to increase.

Indexed as

Climate ChangeGlobal WarmingEnvironmental ExposureHeat Stress DisordersHot TemperatureHumansMorbidityMortalityOccupational ExposurePhysiological PhenomenaSportsUrbanization

Identifiers

PMID34419205

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.