ReviewArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2021
Breast self-examination practice among women in Africa: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of variables on breast self-examination: Potential barrier or enhancement of breast cancer prevention.Breast disease · 2024Pooled it
- What is the uptake rate of breast self-examination in Iranian women? Estimation based on systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of health education interventions on breast cancer literacy and breast screening uptake in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Breast self-examination prevalence and determinants in low- and middle-income countries: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- Adolescent Girls' Breast Self-Examination Practices in Eastern Region of Ghana.The breast journal · 2026Article
- Female breast cancer burden among adolescent and young adults in North Africa.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- The use of standardised tools to measure post-mastectomy quality of life among women in Africa: a scoping review.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Predicting breast self-examination awareness in Sub-Saharan Africa using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Henry S. Pennypacker's Contributions to Breast Cancer Detection: Developing a Behavioral Technology to Improve Breast Self-Exam Skills.Perspectives on behavior science · 2025Review
- Delays in presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in Sudanese women with breast cancer: a cross-sectional study.The oncologist · 2024Article
- The practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among female healthcare professionals working in selected hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda: a cross sectional study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Factors Related to the Knowledge and Practice of Breast Self-Examination: A Cross-Sectional Study.European journal of breast health · 2023Article
- Article
- Awareness and Practice of Breast Self-Examination Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn resource limited countries breast self-examination has been recommended as the most appropriate method for early detection of breast cancer. Available studies conducted on breast self-examination practice in Africa currently are inconsistent and inclusive evidences. On top of that the available studies are unrepresentative by regions with small sample size. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize and pool the results of individual studies to produce content level estimates of breast self-examination practice in Africa.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were done among studies conducted in Africa using Preferred Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISRMA) guideline. Studies were identified from PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, African Journals Online and reference lists of identified prevalence studies. Unpublished sources were also searched to retrieve relevant articles. Critical appraisal of studies was done through Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI). The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 13 software. Heterogeneity was assessed using I
resultsIn this meta-analysis 56 studies were included with a total of 19, 228 study participants. From the included studies 25(44.64%) were from West Africa, 22(39.29%) East Africa, 5(8.93%) North Africa, 3(5.36%) Central Africa and 1(1.79%) South Africa. The overall pooled prevalence of ever and regular breast self-examination practice in Africa was found to be 44.0% (95% CI: 36.63, 51.50) and 17.9% (95% CI: 13.36, 22.94) respectively. In the subgroup analysis there was significant variations between sub regions with the highest practice in West Africa, 58.87% (95 CI%: 48.06, 69.27) and the lowest in South Africa, 5.33% (95 CI%: 2.73, 10.17).
conclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that breast self-examination practice among women in Africa was low. Therefore, intensive behavioral change communication and interventions that emphasize different domains should be given by stakeholders. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020119373.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.