Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34419056›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2021

Tetraspanins are unevenly distributed across single extracellular vesicles and bias sensitivity to multiplexed cancer biomarkers.

Rachel R Mizenko, Terza Brostoff, Tatu Rojalin, Hanna J Koster, Hila S Swindell, Gary S Leiserowitz, Aijun Wang, Randy P Carney

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 152 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Engineering Magnetic Beads for Affinity Enrichment of Exosomes.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026
    Article

40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rachel R MizenkoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA.
Terza BrostoffDepartment of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, USA.
Tatu RojalinDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA.
Hanna J KosterDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA.
Hila S SwindellDepartment of Surgery, University of California, Davis, USA.
Gary S LeiserowitzDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Aijun WangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA.
Randy P CarneyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, USA. rcarney@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8193-1664
University of California, Davis · USUniversity of California Davis Medical Center · USUniversity of California San Diego · US

Funding

Staff InvestigatorsP30CA093373 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI Laura Marcu · 2002 to 2026
$84.9M
SERS diagnostics platform for liquid bioapsy analysis of tumor-associated exosomesR01CA241666 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI CARNEY, RANDY · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
Engineered Neuroprotective Stem-Cell Exosomes for In Utero Spina Bifida TherapyR01NS115860 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI FARMER, DIANA LEE, WANG, AIJUN · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
UCSD Research Training Program for VeterinariansT32OD017863 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ERNST, PETER B., SIGURDSON, CHRISTINA · 2014 to 2023
$2.0M
Fetal Tissue Engineering to Treat Spina Bifida Before BirthR01NS100761 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI WANG, AIJUN · 2017 to 2021
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS 1R01CA241666NCI NIH HHS P30 CA093373NCI NIH HHS P30CA093373NCI NIH HHS R01 CA241666NIH HHS T32 OD017863NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100761NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS115860
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTetraspanin expression of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is often used as a surrogate for their detection and classification, a practice that typically assumes their consistent expression across EV sources.

resultsHere we demonstrate that there are distinct patterns in colocalization of tetraspanin expression of EVs enriched from a variety of in vitro and in vivo sources. We report an optimized method for the use of single particle antibody-capture and fluorescence detection to identify subpopulations according to tetraspanin expression and compare our findings with nanoscale flow cytometry. We found that tetraspanin profile is consistent from a given EV source regardless of isolation method, but that tetraspanin profiles are distinct across various sources. Tetraspanin profiles measured by flow cytometry do not totally agree, suggesting that limitations in subpopulation detection significantly impact apparent protein expression. We further analyzed tetraspanin expression of single EVs captured non-specifically, revealing that tetraspanin capture can bias the apparent multiplexed tetraspanin profile. Finally, we demonstrate that this bias can have significant impact on diagnostic sensitivity for tumor-associated EV surface markers.

conclusionOur findings may reveal key insights into protein expression heterogeneity of EVs that better inform EV capture and detection platforms for diagnostic or other downstream use.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesBiomarkers, TumorCell Line, TumorFemaleFlow CytometryFluorescenceHumansMesenchymal Stem CellsOvarian NeoplasmsSensitivity and SpecificityTetraspaninsBiomarkers, TumorTetraspaninsExosomesExoViewOvarian cancerPlacental mesenchymal stem cellsSingle-particle characterization

Identifiers

PMID34419056
PMCPMC8379740
OpenAlexW3194294887

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.