ArticleBMC health services research2021
CO-FLOW: COvid-19 Follow-up care paths and Long-term Outcomes Within the Dutch health care system: study protocol of a multicenter prospective cohort study following patients 2 years after hospital discharge.
Article in BMC health services research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Work ability and work limitations in people recovering from COVID-19: one-year follow-up cohort results.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Longitudinal trajectories of long COVID among hospitalized patients with omicron infection in Changzhi, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Trajectories of device-assessed physical activity and sleep in ICU- and non-ICU-treated patients up to 2 years after hospitalization for COVID-19, and their association with health-related quality of life.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Long-term multidimensional patient-centred outcomes after hospitalisation for COVID-19: do not only focus on disease severity.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Health outcomes up to 3 years and post-exertional malaise in patients after hospitalization for COVID-19: a multicentre prospective cohort study (CO-FLOW).The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Long-term health outcomes of COVID-19 in ICU- and non-ICU-treated patients up to 2 years after hospitalization: a longitudinal cohort study (CO-FLOW).Journal of intensive care · 2024Article
- The impact of pulmonary embolism on health outcomes of COVID-19 at 3 months after hospitalization.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Patients' evaluation of aftercare following hospitalization for COVID-19: satisfaction and unmet needs.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Functional Outcome after Clinical Recovery from Moderate to Critical COVID-19 among Patients Admitted to the Philippine General Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study.Acta medica Philippina · 2024Article
- Return to work and health-related quality of life up to 1 year in patients hospitalized for COVID-19: the CO-FLOW study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19 1-y post-ICU stay: A prospective observational study.Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 2023Observational
- Year in Review: Long COVID and Pulmonary Rehabilitation.Respiratory care · 2023Review
- Long-term outcomes of different rehabilitation programs in patients with long COVID syndrome: a cohort prospective study.European journal of translational myology · 2023Article
- Antibodies against angiotensin II receptor type 1 and endothelin A receptor are increased in COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immunological profiling in long COVID: overall low grade inflammation and T-lymphocyte senescence and increased monocyte activation correlating with increasing fatigue severity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The effects of COVID-19 on respiratory muscle performance: making the case for respiratory muscle testing and training.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Review
- Race, ethnicity, and utilization of outpatient rehabilitation for treatment of post COVID-19 condition.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Symptoms persisting after hospitalisation for COVID-19: 12 months interim results of the CO-FLOW study.ERJ open research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFirst studies indicate that up to 6 months after hospital discharge, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes severe physical, cognitive, and psychological impairments, which may affect participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). After hospitalization for COVID-19, a number of patients are referred to medical rehabilitation centers or skilled nursing facilities for further treatment, while others go home with or without aftercare. The aftercare paths include 1] community-based rehabilitation; 2] in- and outpatient medical rehabilitation; 3] inpatient rehabilitation in skilled nursing facilities; and 4] sheltered care (inpatient). These aftercare paths and the trajectories of recovery after COVID-19 urgently need long-term in-depth evaluation to optimize and personalize treatment. CO-FLOW aims, by following the outcomes and aftercare paths of all COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge, to systematically study over a 2-year period: 1] trajectories of physical, cognitive, and psychological recovery; 2] patient flows, healthcare utilization, patient satisfaction with aftercare, and barriers/facilitators regarding aftercare as experienced by healthcare professionals; 3] effects of physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes on participation and HRQoL; and 4] predictors for long-term recovery, health care utilization, and patient satisfaction with aftercare.
methodsCO-FLOW is a multicenter prospective cohort study in the mid-west of the Netherlands with a 2-year follow-up period. Measurements comprise non-invasive clinical tests and patient reported outcome measures from a combined rehabilitation, pulmonary, and intensive care perspective. Measurements are performed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after hospital discharge and, if applicable, at rehabilitation discharge. CO-FLOW aims to include at least 500 patients who survived hospitalization for COVID-19, aged ≥18 years. DISCUSSION: CO-FLOW will provide in-depth knowledge on the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 and the quality of current aftercare paths for patients who survived hospitalization. This knowledge is a prerequisite to facilitate the right care in the right place for COVID-19 and comparable future infectious diseases.
trial registrationThe Netherlands Trial Register (NTR), https://www.trialregister.nl . Registered: 12-06-2020, CO-FLOW trialregister no. NL8710.
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