ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2021
Biodistribution of adeno-associated virus type 2 carrying multi-characteristic opsin in dogs following intravitreal injection.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal Viral Gene Therapy: Impact of Route of Administration on Serious Adverse Events-A Systematic Review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Optogenetic Vision Restoration: History, Challenges, and New Inventions from Bench to Bedside.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Therapeutic Efficacy of Multi-Characteristic Opsin Gene Therapy in a Mouse Model of Stargardt Disease.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Safety and efficacy of MCO-010 optogenetic therapy in patients with Stargardt disease in USA (STARLIGHT): an open-label multi-center Ph2 trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Addressing Challenges in Developing Treatments for Inherited Retinal Diseases: Recommendations From the Third Monaciano Symposium.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Review
- A synthetic opsin restores vision in patients with severe retinal degeneration.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- rAAV-PHP.B escapes the mouse eye and causes lethality whereas rAAV9 can transduce aniridic corneal limbal stem cells without lethality.Gene therapy · 2023Article
- Nanotechnology Lighting the Way for Gene Therapy in Ophthalmopathy: From Opportunities toward Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Optogenetic Therapy for Visual Restoration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Vision Restoration by Optogenetic Therapy and Developments Toward Sonogenetic Therapy.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Biodistribution of adeno-associated virus type 2 carrying multi-characteristic opsin in dogs following intravitreal injection.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gene therapy of retinal diseases using recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-based delivery has shown clinical success, and clinical trials based on rAAV-based optogenetic therapies are currently in progress. Recently, we have developed multi-characteristic opsin (MCO), which has been shown to effectively re-photosensitize photoreceptor-degenerated retina in mice leading to vision restoration at ambient light environment. Here, we report the biodistribution of the rAAV2 carried MCO (vMCO-I) in live samples and post-mortem organs following intraocular delivery in wild-type dogs. Immunohistochemistry showed that the intravitreal injection of vMCO-I resulted in gene transduction in the inner nuclear layer (INL) but did not induce detectable inflammatory or immune reaction in the dog retina. Vector DNA analysis of live body wastes and body fluids such as saliva and nasal secretions using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed no correlative increase of vector copy in nasal secretions or saliva, minimal increase of vector copy in urine in the low-dose group 13 weeks after injection and in the faeces of the high-dose group at 3-13 weeks after injection suggesting clearance of the virus vector via urine and faeces. Further analysis of vector DNA extracted from faeces using PCR showed no transgene after 3 weeks post-injection. Intravitreal injection of vMCO-I resulted in few sporadic off-target presences of the vector in the mesenteric lymph node, liver, spleen and testis. This study showed that intravitreal rAAV2-based delivery of MCO-I for retinal gene therapy is safe.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.