ReviewJournal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH2021
Tissue factor expression, extracellular vesicles, and thrombosis after infection with the respiratory viruses influenza A virus and coronavirus.
Review in Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel Tissue Factor Inhibition for Thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19: Primary Results of the ASPEN-COVID-19 Trial.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023Trial
- Next-generation heparin antidotes: "Exosomes as a biocompatible alternative to protamine sulfate".Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Tryptophan metabolism reprogramming potentially contributes to the prothrombotic milieu in mice and humans with SARS-CoV-2.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026Article
- Respiratory epithelial cells as central mediators of immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- COVID-19 and acute limb ischemia: latest hypotheses of pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Review
- COVID-19 patient serum-derived extracellular vesicles deliver miR-20b-5p induces neutrophil extracellular traps.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- COVID-19: a vascular nightmare unfolding.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Viral sepsis: diagnosis, clinical features, pathogenesis, and clinical considerations.Military Medical Research · 2024Review
- Arterial Thrombosis in Acute Respiratory Infections: An Underestimated but Clinically Relevant Problem.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Extracellular histones: a unifying mechanism driving platelet-dependent extracellular vesicle release and thrombus formation in COVID-19.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2024Article
- Interferons prime the endothelium for toll-like receptor-mediated thrombin generation.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2024Article
- Tissue Factor and COVID-19 Associated Thrombosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Article
- African Swine Fever Virus I267L Is a Hemorrhage-Related Gene Based on Transcriptome Analysis.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The Role of Tissue Factor In Signaling Pathways of Pathological Conditions and Angiogenesis.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Harnessing crosstalk between extracellular vesicles and viruses for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2024Review
- Hemostasis in arenavirus infection.Blood · 2023Article
- Monocyte Tissue Factor Expression: Lipopolysaccharide Induction and Roles in Pathological Activation of Coagulation.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Review
- A spatial sequencing atlas of age-induced changes in the lung during influenza infection.Nature communications · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is induced in a variety of cell types during viral infection, which likely contributes to disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombosis. TF-expressing cells also release TF-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the circulation that can be measured using an EVTF activity assay. This review summarizes studies that analyze TF expression, TF-positive EVs, activation of coagulation, and thrombosis after infection with influenza A virus (IAV) and coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV). The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Infection of mice with IAV increased TF expression in lung epithelial cells as well as increased EVTF activity and activation of coagulation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Infection of mice with MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 also increased lung TF expression. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on the BALF from severe COVID-19 patients revealed increased TF mRNA expression in epithelial cells. TF expression was observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with SARS-CoV. TF was also expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monocytes in platelet-monocyte aggregates, and neutrophils isolated from COVID-19 patients. Elevated circulating EVTF activity was observed in severe IAV and COVID-19 patients. Importantly, EVTF activity was associated with mortality in severe IAV patients and with plasma D-dimer, severity, thrombosis, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. These studies strongly suggest that increased TF expression in patients infected with IAV and pathogenic CoVs contributes to thrombosis.
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