Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34417905›Full record

SynthesisThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2022

Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year: a systematic review with meta-regression.

Christian R C Kouakou, Thomas G Poder

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Factors associated with the author-reported cost-effectiveness threshold in high-income countries: systematic review and multivariable modelling.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Determinants of willingness to pay for health services: a systematic review of contingent valuation studies.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2022
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Willingness to pay for a quality adjusted life year across different time horizons: direct elicitation in Quebec.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. The value of health and well-being from a societal perspective: A willingness to pay experiment in the Netherlands.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
    Article
  10. Willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life year in Iran: a systematic review.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Benefits beyond health in the willingness to pay for a quality-adjusted life-year.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025
    Article
  15. Monetary value of health-a practical decision-making framework combining equity considerations and WTP.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025
    Article
  16. Developing a utility value set for the Gambling Quality of Life Scale-Brief (GQoLS-Brief) using a discrete choice experiment.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Christian R C KouakouDepartment of Economics, School of Business, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
Thomas G PoderCentre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, CIUSSS de l'Est de l'Île de Montréal, Montreal, Canada. thomas.poder@umontreal.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The use of a threshold for cost-utility studies is of major importance to health authorities for making the best allocation decisions for limited resources. Regarding the increasing number of studies worldwide that seek to establish a value for a quality-adjusted life year (QALY), it is necessary to review these studies to provide a global insight into the literature. A systematic review on willingness to pay (WTP) studies focusing on QALY was conducted in eight databases up to June 26, 2020. From a total of 9991 entries, 39 studies were selected, and 511 observations were extracted for the meta-analysis using the ordinary least squares method. The results showed a predicted mean empirical value of $52,619.39 (95% CI 49,952.59; 55,286.19) per QALY in US dollars for 2018. A 1% increase in income led to an increase of 0.6% in the WTP value, while a 1-year increase in respondent age led to a decrease of 3.3% in the WTP value. Sex, education level and employment status had significant effects on WTP. Compared to face-to-face interviews, surveys conducted by the internet or telephone were more likely to have a significantly higher value of WTP per QALY, while out-of-pocket payment tended to lower the value. The prediction made for the province of Quebec, Canada, provided a QALY value of approximately USD $98,450 (CAD $127,985), which is about 2.3 times its gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in 2018. This study is consistent with the extant literature and will be useful for countries that do not yet have a preference-based survey for the value of a QALY.

Indexed as

Health ExpendituresCanadaCost-Benefit AnalysisHumansQuality-Adjusted Life YearsSurveys and QuestionnairesCanadaMeta-regressionQALYQuebecSystematic reviewWillingness to pay

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.