Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34417479›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Toxic and heavy metals contamination assessment in soil and water to evaluate human health risk.

Waqar Ahmad, Rima D Alharthy, Muhammad Zubair, Mahmood Ahmed, Abdul Hameed, Sajjad Rafique

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed
14.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 474 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Seeing Roman life through water: Exploring Pompeii's public baths via carbonate deposits.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Waqar AhmadDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.
Rima D AlharthyDepartment of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21577, Saudi Arabia. iaaalharte@kau.edu.sa.
Muhammad ZubairDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan. muhammad.zubair@uog.edu.pk.
Mahmood AhmedRenacon Pharma Limited, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan. mahmoodresearchscholar@gmail.com.
Abdul HameedDepartment of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan.
Sajjad RafiqueDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.
University of Gujrat · PKKing Abdulaziz University · SAUniversity of Sahiwal

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Due to urbanization and industrialization, there has been an increase in solid waste generation and has become a global concern and leakage of leachate from landfills contaminate the soil and groundwater and hence can have a severe impact on human health. The present study aimed to determine the composition of toxic metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, As) and heavy metals (Cd, Ba, Hg, Pb) in soil and water by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). To ensure accuracy during the analysis of Cr, Mn, Cu, As, Cd, Ba, Hg, and Pb in real samples, certified reference material (CRM, SRM 2709a) of San Joaquin soil and water (SRM 1640a) were analyzed and results were presented in terms of % recovery studies. The mean concentration of all the metals in soil and water did not exceed the limit set by the European Community (EU), WHO, and US EPA except Cu where the permissible limit defined by the EU is 50-140 mg/kg in soil. The soil is uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with respect to all metals except the Cu and Pb. Among the average daily dose (ADD) of soil, ADD

Indexed as

HealthRisk AssessmentAdultCarcinogenesisChildEnvironmental PollutionGeographyHumansIndiaMetals, HeavySoilWaterWater PollutionMetals, HeavySoilWater

Identifiers

PMID34417479
PMCPMC8379239
OpenAlexW3194918219

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.