ArticleBMJ open2021
Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for tinnitus: secondary analysis to examine predictors of outcomes.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06821893 (Vagus Auricular Stimulation for Tinnitus), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Vagus Auricular Stimulation for Tinnitus
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation Interventions for Self-Management of Tinnitus: Update of a Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Frailty links the heterogeneity of tinnitus disorder and response to interventions in older patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- A Prospective Self-Report Survey-Based Cohort Study on Factors That Have an Influence on Tinnitus.Audiology research · 2024Article
- Trajectories and Predictors of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A 9-Year Follow-Up Study.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- Randomized controlled trial of a smartphone-based cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic tinnitus.PLOS digital health · 2023Article
- Predicting the Outcomes of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus: Applications of Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine.American journal of audiology · 2022Article
- Exploratory Data Mining Techniques (Decision Tree Models) for Examining the Impact of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus: Machine Learning Approach.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Article
- Patient Uptake, Experiences, and Process Evaluation of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus in the United States.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe current study examined predictors of outcomes of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (ICBT) for individuals with tinnitus.
designSecondary analysis of intervention studies.
settingInternet-based guided tinnitus intervention provided in the UK.
participants228 individuals who underwent ICBT.
interventionsICBT. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The key predictor variables included demographic, tinnitus, hearing-related and treatment-related variables as well as clinical factors (eg, anxiety, depression, insomnia), which can have an impact on the treatment outcome. A 13-point reduction in Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) scores has been defined as a successful outcome.
resultsOf the 228 subjects who were included in the study, 65% had a successful ICBT outcome. As per the univariate analysis, participants with a master's degree or above had the highest odds of having a larger reduction in tinnitus severity (OR 3.47; 95% CI 1.32 to 12.51), compared with the participants who had education only up to high school or less. Additionally, the baseline tinnitus severity was found to be a significant variable (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.50 to 4.67) contributing to a successful outcome with the intervention. Both linear and logistic regression models have identified education level and baseline tinnitus severity to be significant predictor variables contributing to a reduction in tinnitus severity post-ICBT. As per the linear regression model, participants who had received disability allowance had shown a 25.3-point lower TFI reduction compared with those who did not experience a decrease in their workload due to tinnitus after adjusting for baseline tinnitus severity and their education level.
conclusionsPredictors of intervention outcome can be used as a means of triaging patients to the most suited form of treatment to achieve optimal outcomes and to make healthcare savings. Future studies should consider including a heterogeneous group of participants as well as other predictor variables not included in the current study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.