ArticleBMC public health2021
Educational inequalities, urbanicity and levels of non-communicable diseases risk factors: evaluating trends in Argentina (2005-2013).
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Educational and Socioeconomic Inequality and Cardiovascular Risk in Peru: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Factors associated with morbidities among persons with disabilities in Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Data Resource Profile: Harmonized health survey data for 240 cities across 11 countries in Latin America: the SALURBAL project.International journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Urban Environments, Health, and Environmental Sustainability: Findings From the SALURBAL Study.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Review
- COVID-19 mortality: educational inequalities and socio-spatial context in two provinces of Argentina.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2024Article
- Risk factor clustering in men and women with CHD in the Southern Cone of Latin America.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2023Article
- Scaling of mortality in 742 metropolitan areas of the Americas.Science advances · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe investigated a) whether urbanicity is associated with individual-level non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors and whether urbanicity modifies trends over time in risk factors; and (b) whether educational inequalities in NCD risk factors change over time or are modified by province urbanicity.
methodsWe used data from three large national surveys on NCD risk factors (Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo; ENFR
resultsIn both men and women, the prevalence of obesity and diabetes increased over time but smoking decreased. Hypertension prevalence increased over time in men. Higher urbanicity was associated with higher odds of smoking and lower odds of hypertension in women but was not associated with NCD risk factors in men. Obesity increased more over time in more compared to less urbanized provinces (in men) while smoking decreased more over time in less urbanized provinces. All risk factors had a higher prevalence in persons with lower education (stronger in women than in men), except for diabetes in men and smoking in women. Educational inequalities in obesity (in men) and hypertension (in men and women) became stronger over time, while an initial inverse social gradient in smoking for women reverted and became similar to other risk factors over time. In general, the inverse associations of education with the risk factors became stronger with increasing levels of province urbanicity.
conclusionIncreasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity over time and growing inequities by education highlight the need for policies aimed at reducing NCD risk factors among lower socioeconomic populations in urban environments in Argentina.
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