ArticlePreventive medicine2021
A descriptive exploration of the geographic and sociodemographic concentration of firearm homicide in the United States, 2004-2018.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06582953 (Advancing the Evidence for HVIPs in the Southeast), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Advancing the Evidence for HVIPs in the Southeast: Comprehensive Patient- Centered Outcomes & Stakeholder Insights
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gang membership, firearm victimization, and mental health in a national sample of U.S. adults.Injury epidemiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Predicting neighborhood-level violence from features of the physical and social environment with machine learning.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Associations between gun violence exposure and suicide mortality rates in US counties.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Homicide Rates Across County, Race, Ethnicity, Age, and Sex in the US: A Global Burden of Disease Study.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Association between social vulnerability factors and homicide and suicide rates - United States, 2016 - 2020.Journal of safety research · 2024Article
- An introduction to bayesian spatial smoothing methods for disease mapping: modeling county firearm suicide mortality rates.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- State-Level Firearm Laws and Firearm Homicide in US Cities: Heterogenous Associations by City Characteristics.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Costs of Fatal and Nonfatal Firearm Injuries in the U.S., 2019 and 2020.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Incidence of and Factors Associated With Recurrent Firearm Injury Among Patients Presenting to St. Louis Trauma Centers, 2010 to 2019 : A Cohort Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Association between social vulnerability factors and unintentional fatal injury rates - United States, 2015-2019.Journal of safety research · 2023Article
- Child Access Prevention Laws and Non-Hispanic Black Youth Firearm Mortality.Journal of community health · 2023Article
- Fatal and non-fatal firearm-related injuries in Canada, 2016-2020: a population-based study using three administrative databases.Injury epidemiology · 2023Article
- County-Level Social Vulnerability and Emergency Department Visits for Firearm Injuries - 10 U.S. Jurisdictions, January 1, 2018-December 31, 2021.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2022Article
- Vital Signs: Changes in Firearm Homicide and Suicide Rates - United States, 2019-2020.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study examined the population-based incidence of firearm homicide in the United States to identify geographic concentrations and to determine whether such concentrations have changed over time. It further examined the simultaneous associations of urbanization, poverty, and ethnicity/race with firearm homicide incidence. Using county-level data from the National Vital Statistics System and the U.S. Census Bureau for the years 2004-2018, the findings show geographic patterns not commonly recognized, including several lengthy and continuous corridors with a high incidence of firearm homicide, traversing both metro and non-metro areas. While the data clearly show a strongly disproportionate concentration of firearm homicide incidence in a subset of the population defined by geography, they do not suggest increasing concentration over time. The study findings also generally indicate increasing firearm homicide incidence with increasing levels of surrounding poverty, a phenomenon observed for both metro and non-metro areas.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.