Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34416146›Full record

ArticleCell2021

Pan-protective anti-alphavirus human antibodies target a conserved E1 protein epitope.

Arthur S Kim, Natasha M Kafai, Emma S Winkler, Theron C Gilliland, Emily L Cottle, James T Earnest, Prashant N Jethva, Paulina Kaplonek, Aadit P Shah, Rachel H Fong and 14 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Integrated phenotypic screening and chemical proteomics identifies ETF1 ligands that modulate viral translation and replication.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  8. Demonstration ofJournal of virology · 2026
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  13. Development ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.

Arthur S KimDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Natasha M KafaiDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Emma S WinklerDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Theron C GillilandCenter for Vaccine Research and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Emily L CottleCenter for Vaccine Research and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
James T EarnestDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Prashant N JethvaDepartment of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Paulina KaplonekRagon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Aadit P ShahDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Rachel H FongIntegral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Edgar DavidsonIntegral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Ryan J MalonisDepartment of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Jose A QuirozDepartment of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Lauren E WilliamsonVanderbilt Vaccine Center and Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Lo VangEmergent BioSolutions, Gaithersburg, MD 20879, USA.
Matthias MackDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
James E CroweVanderbilt Vaccine Center and Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Benjamin J DoranzIntegral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Jonathan R LaiDepartment of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Galit AlterRagon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Michael L GrossDepartment of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63130, USA.
William B KlimstraCenter for Vaccine Research and Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Daved H FremontDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Michael S DiamondDepartment of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: diamond@wusm.wustl.edu.
Washington University in St. Louis · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USIntegral Molecular (United States) · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · USVanderbilt University Medical Center · USEmergent BioSolutions (United States) · USUniversity Hospital Regensburg · DE

Funding

Specific and Broadly Active Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics Against The FilovirusesU19AI142790 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI SAPHIRE, ERICA OLLMANN · 2019 to 2023
$40.0M
MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007288 · NIGMS · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI AKABAS, MYLES H. · 1985 to 2022
$35.6M
Infectious Diseases/Basic Microbial Pathogenic MechanismsT32AI007172 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Daniel E. Goldberg, JENNIFER A PHILIPS · 1985 to 2026
$13.0M
TrainingP41GM103422 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GROSS, MICHAEL L · 2012 to 2019
$12.0M
Structure-Function Analysis of Mxra8 Interaction with Alphaviruses.R01AI143673 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DIAMOND, MICHAEL S, FREMONT, DAVED H. · 2019 to 2025
$6.5M
Molecular Mechanisms of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus PathogenesisR01AI095436 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KLIMSTRA, WILLIAM B · 2012 to 2022
$4.5M
Engineered, multispecific antibodies as broad anti-filovirus therapeuticsR01AI125462 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI LAI, JONATHAN R. · 2017 to 2020
$3.0M
An Informed Approach to Live Attenuated Vaccines against Encephalitis AlphavirusesR01AI153209 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI KLIMSTRA, WILLIAM B · 2020 to 2024
$2.9M
Viral and host factors in neuroinvasion of encephalitis alphavirusesR01AI160188 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAM B KLIMSTRA, Robyn S. Klein · 2022 to 2026
$2.8M
A Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Resource: Ongoing Driving Biomedical ProjectsR24GM136766 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GROSS, MICHAEL L · 2020 to 2022
$2.3M
Discovery & characterization of human monoclonal antibodies targeting multiple arthritogenic alphavirusesF30AI150055 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI MALONIS, RYAN J · 2020 to 2022
$150k
Regulation of Antiviral Responses in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells to Chikungunya Virus by the Gut MicrobiotaF30AI152327 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI WINKLER, EMMA SUENING · 2021 to 2022
$84k
NIAID NIH HHS F30 AI150055NIAID NIH HHS F30 AI152327NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400018CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400058CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201700060CNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI095436NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI125462NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143673NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI153209NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI160188NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007172NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI142790NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103422NIGMS NIH HHS R24 GM136766NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007288
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alphaviruses are emerging, mosquito-transmitted pathogens that cause musculoskeletal and neurological disease in humans. Although neutralizing antibodies that inhibit individual alphaviruses have been described, broadly reactive antibodies that protect against both arthritogenic and encephalitic alphaviruses have not been reported. Here, we identify DC2.112 and DC2.315, two pan-protective yet poorly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that avidly bind to viral antigen on the surface of cells infected with arthritogenic and encephalitic alphaviruses. These mAbs engage a conserved epitope in domain II of the E1 protein proximal to and within the fusion peptide. Treatment with DC2.112 or DC2.315 protects mice against infection by both arthritogenic (chikungunya and Mayaro) and encephalitic (Venezuelan, Eastern, and Western equine encephalitis) alphaviruses through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of viral egress and monocyte-dependent Fc effector functions. These findings define a conserved epitope recognized by weakly neutralizing yet protective antibodies that could be targeted for pan-alphavirus immunotherapy and vaccine design.

Indexed as

AlphavirusAlphavirus InfectionsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, ViralChikungunya FeverChikungunya virusChlorocebus aethiopsConserved SequenceEpitope MappingEpitopesHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, ViralEpitopesViral ProteinsalphavirusantibodyarthritisencephalitisFc effectorimmunityinhiibtionmicepathogenesisprotection

Identifiers

PMID34416146
PMCPMC8382027
OpenAlexW3196164980

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.