SynthesisPloS one2021
Defining the reference range for right ventricular systolic strain by echocardiography in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Right Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Predicts Recovery of Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Reduced Quality of Life in Patients With Arrhythmia-Induced Cardiomyopathy.Clinical cardiology · 2025Trial
- Evaluating the myocardial functions of the forgotten right ventricle in children with nephrotic syndrome utilizing traditional echocardiography, two-dimensional speckle tracking and three-dimensional echocardiography.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Evaluation of myocardial function by strain echocardiography in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotypes.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Follow-up study of the cardiac manifestations of multiethnic patients hospitalised with COVID-19.Journal of ultrasound · 2026Article
- Normal reference values and determinants of right heart strain derived from speckle tracking echocardiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Clinical associations of right ventricular strain in community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective cohort study.Journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026Article
- Left atrium strain in rheumatoid arthritis patients - a sub-study of the prospective Porto-RA cohort.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Observational
- Evaluation of contemporary echocardiography for the detection of cardiac sarcoidosis.Echo research and practice · 2026Article
- Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Free Wall Longitudinal Strain in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Outcomes.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- State-of-the-Art in Echocardiographic Strain Imaging of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography · 2026Review
- Midterm cardiovascular outcomes in children with MIS-C compared to Kawasaki disease: a multicenter prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics, Hemodynamic Profile, and Outcomes in Patients With Low-Gradient and High-Gradient Severe Mitral Stenosis: Influence of Flow Status.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Temporal profile of right and left ventricular wall deformation analysis using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography following atrial septal defect closure.AsiaIntervention · 2025Article
- Normal ranges of right atrial strain by contemporary echocardiography software: a prospective comparative cohort study.Journal of echocardiography · 2025Article
- Right Ventricular Strain by Echocardiography: Current Clinical Applications and Future Directions for Mechanics Assessment of the Forgotten Ventricle.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (ACM): A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2024Review
- Use of Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Septic Cardiomyopathy in Critically Ill Children: A Narrative Review.Critical care explorations · 2024Review
- Quantification of right ventricular amyloid burden with 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography/computed tomography and its association with right ventricular dysfunction and outcomes in light-chain amyloidosis.European heart journal. Cardiovascular Imaging · 2024Article
- Normal age- and sex-based values of right ventricular free wall and four-chamber longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography: from the Copenhagen City heart study.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2024Article
- Monitoring of the right ventricular responses to pressure overload: prognostic value and usefulness of echocardiography for clinical decision-making.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRight ventricular (RV) systolic strain has recently demonstrated prognostic value in various cardiovascular diseases. Despite this, the reference range including the lower limit of normal (LLN) and factors associated with RV strain measurements are not well-established. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the mean and LLN of two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) right ventricular global (RVGLS), free wall (RVFWLS) and interventricular septal wall (IVSLS) longitudinal strains in healthy individuals and factors that affect strain measurements.
methodsIn this meta-analysis, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched until 31 July 2020 for eligible studies reporting RVGLS, RVFWLS and/or IVSLS in at least 30 healthy subjects. We pooled the means and LLNs of RV strains by two- (2D) and three- (3D) dimensional echocardiography, and performed meta-regression analyses.
resultsFrom 788 articles screened, 45 eligible studies totaling 4439 healthy subjects were eligible for analysis. Pooled means and LLNs with 95% confidence intervals for 2D- RV strains were RVGLS -23.4% (-24.2%, -22.6%) and -16.4% (-17.3%, -15.5%) in 27 studies; RVFWLS -26.9% (-28.0%, -25.9%) and -18.0% (-19.2%, -16.9%) in 32 studies; and IVSLS -20.4% (-22.0%, -18.9%) and -11.5% (-13.6%, -9.6%) in 10 studies, and similar results for 3D- RV strains. Right ventricular fractional area change and vendor software were associated with 2D-RVGLS and RVFWLS means and LLNs.
conclusionWe reported the pooled means and LLNs of RV systolic strains in healthy subjects, to define thresholds for abnormal, borderline and normal strains. Important factors associated with RV systolic strains include right ventricular fractional area change and vendor software.
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