SynthesiseLife2021
SARS-CoV-2 shedding dynamics across the respiratory tract, sex, and disease severity for adult and pediatric COVID-19.
Synthesis in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Exposure route, not dose, is the primary driver of infection patterns for a respiratory virus.Science advances · 2026Article
- Post-pandemic changes in population immunity have reduced the likelihood of emergence of zoonotic coronaviruses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Exposure route drives SARS-CoV-2 infection patterns in non-human primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Targeted next-generation sequencing for pediatric community-acquired pneumonia pathogen detection: a single-center study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Passive infusion of an S2-Stem broadly neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection and lower airway inflammation in rhesus macaques.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Modelling the effectiveness of an isolation strategy for managing mpox outbreaks with variable infectiousness profiles.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Passive infusion of an S2-Stem broadly neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection and lower airway inflammation in rhesus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Symptom propagation in respiratory pathogens of public health concern: a review of the evidence.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Review
- The RdRp genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from patients with different clinical spectrum of COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Optimal timing of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment after COVID-19 symptom onset or diagnosis: target trial emulation.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Digital PCR to Measure SARS-CoV-2 RNA, Variants, and Outcomes in Youth.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2023Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 incidence in secondary schools; the role of national and school-initiated COVID-19 measures.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association between SUMF1 polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity.BMC genomic data · 2023Article
- Parallel use of human stem cell lung and heart models provide insights for SARS-CoV-2 treatment.Stem cell reports · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 viral load and shedding kinetics.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- The race to understand immunopathology in COVID-19: Perspectives on the impact of quantitative approaches to understand within-host interactions.Immunoinformatics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Incubation Period during the Omicron BA.5-Dominant Period in Japan.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Previously, we conducted a systematic review and analyzed the respiratory kinetics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Chen et al., 2021). How age, sex, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity interplay to influence the shedding dynamics of SARS-CoV-2, however, remains poorly understood. Methods: We updated our systematic dataset, collected individual case characteristics, and conducted stratified analyses of SARS-CoV-2 shedding dynamics in the upper (URT) and lower respiratory tract (LRT) across COVID-19 severity, sex, and age groups (aged 0-17 years, 18-59 years, and 60 years or older). Results: The systematic dataset included 1266 adults and 136 children with COVID-19. Our analyses indicated that high, persistent LRT shedding of SARS-CoV-2 characterized severe COVID-19 in adults. Severe cases tended to show slightly higher URT shedding post-symptom onset, but similar rates of viral clearance, when compared to nonsevere infections. After stratifying for disease severity, sex and age (including child vs. adult) were not predictive of respiratory shedding. The estimated accuracy for using LRT shedding as a prognostic indicator for COVID-19 severity was up to 81%, whereas it was up to 65% for URT shedding. Conclusions: Virological factors, especially in the LRT, facilitate the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19. Disease severity, rather than sex or age, predicts SARS-CoV-2 kinetics. LRT viral load may prognosticate COVID-19 severity in patients before the timing of deterioration and should do so more accurately than URT viral load. Funding: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant, NSERC Senior Industrial Research Chair, and the Toronto COVID-19 Action Fund.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.