ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2021
Determinants for hospitalisations, intensive care unit admission and death among 20,293 reported COVID-19 cases in Portugal, March to April 2020.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer on mortality, ICU admission and incidence: a systematic review with meta-analysis involving 709,908 participants and 31,732 cancer patients.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Are patients with cancer at higher risk of COVID-19-related death? A systematic review and critical appraisal of the early evidence.Journal of cancer policy · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of cancer on patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 63,019 participants.Cancer biology & medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Update of the recommendations of the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos and the Infection and Sepsis Group for the approach to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Medicine.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaPooled it
- A Unique Patient Stratification Method Combined with a Machine Learning Approach Identifies Novel Genetic Susceptibility and Protective Factors for Severe COVID-19 in a Hungarian Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- From Rare to Common: Genetic Insights into TLR7 Variants in a Multicentric Spanish Study on COVID-19 Severity.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Impact of non-pharmacological interventions on the first wave of COVID-19 in Portugal 2020.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Human Genomics of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Contributions of Rare and Common Variants.Annual review of biomedical data science · 2023Review
- A comparison of two registry-based systems for the surveillance of persons hospitalised with COVID-19 in Norway, February 2020 to May 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Relation of COVID-19 with liver diseases and their impact on healthcare systems: The Portuguese case.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Difference in determinants of ICU admission and death among COVID-19 hospitalized patients in two epidemic waves in Portugal: possible impact of healthcare burden and hospital bed occupancy on clinical management and outcomes, March-December 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Monitoring COVID-19 and Influenza: The Added Value of a Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance System in Portugal.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2023Article
- Neutralizing Type I Interferon Autoantibodies in Japanese Patients with Severe COVID-19.Journal of clinical immunology · 2022Article
- Multimorbidity Profile of COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal during 2020.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Neutralizing Type I Interferon Autoantibodies in Japanese Patients With Severe COVID-19.Research square · 2022Article
- Non-Causal Effects of Asthma on COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundDeterminants of hospitalisation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death are still unclear for COVID-19. Few studies have adjusted for confounding for different clinical outcomes including all reported cases within a country.AimWe used routine surveillance data from Portugal to identify risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes, and to support risk stratification, public health interventions, and planning of healthcare resources.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study including 20,293 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported between 1 March and 28 April 2020 through the national epidemiological surveillance system. We calculated absolute risk, relative risk (RR) and adjusted relative risk (aRR) to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with hospitalisation, ICU admission and death using Poisson regressions.ResultsIncreasing age (≥ 60 years) was the major determinant for all outcomes. Age ≥ 90 years was the strongest determinant of hospital admission (aRR: 6.1), and 70-79 years for ICU (aRR: 10.4). Comorbidities of cardiovascular, immunodeficiency, kidney and lung disease (aRR: 4.3, 2.8, 2.4, 2.0, respectively) had stronger associations with ICU admission, while for death they were kidney, cardiovascular and chronic neurological disease (aRR: 2.9, 2.6, 2.0).ConclusionsOlder age was the strongest risk factor for all severe outcomes. These findings from the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic support risk-stratified public health measures that should prioritise protecting older people. Epidemiological scenarios and clinical guidelines should consider this, even though under-ascertainment should also be considered.
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