ReviewJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B2021
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) regulation mechanisms and roles in antiviral innate immune responses.
Review in Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host genetic factors modulating dengue virus: a systematic review of TLR polymorphisms.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- The Relationship betweenGenes · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Remodeling of innate antiviral immunity in aging.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI): A Comprehensive Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Host Genetic Susceptibility and Antiviral Immunity Shape the Pathogenesis and Outcomes of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.Biology · 2026Review
- Cell Death in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Impact of maternal lipopolysaccharide and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-induced infections on offspring cardiac development: Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic alterations.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- Emerging viral infections: role of flavivirus NS1-mediated rewiring of PRR signaling.European cytokine network · 2026Review
- Engineering nanoparticle surface chemistry for antigen-presenting cell targeting improves specificity and safety of TLR3 agonist cancer immunotherapy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Antiviral innate immunity and adaptive immune responses against monkeypox and viral immune evasion.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Reprogramming innate immunity through viral interference: A double-edged strategy for enhancing and containing gene therapies.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Review
- Heat-inactivated Bacillus spores attenuate poly I:C-induced lung inflammation and microbiome alterations through modulation of host immune responses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Co-localization of lymph node therapeutics enhances T cell activation and anti-tumor response.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the use of nucleoside analogues in RNA therapeutics.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Role of extracellular vesicles derived from HIV-infected T cells and microglial cells in neuroinflammation and neuropathogenesis using a blood-brain barrier and cerebral organoid co-culture model.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) is a member of the TLR family, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons (IFNs), proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, thereby collectively establishing an antiviral host response. Studies have shown that unlike other TLR family members, TLR3 is the only RNA sensor that is utterly dependent on the Toll-interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β (TRIF). However, the details of how the TLR3-TRIF signaling pathway works in an antiviral response and how it is regulated are unclear. In this review, we focus on recent advances in understanding the antiviral mechanism of the TRIF pathway and describe the essential characteristics of TLR3 and its antiviral effects. Advancing our understanding of TLR3 may contribute to disease diagnosis and could foster the development of novel treatments for viral diseases.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.